Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

She was first married to al-Ḥārith, the brother of Abū Sufyān ibn Ḥarb, but he died and left her a widow.

Later she married al-ʿAwwām, the brother of the foremost of women, Khadījah bint Khuwaylid; to him she bore al-Zubayr, al-Sāʾib (1), and ʿAbd al-Kaʿbah (2).

The sound view is that none of the Prophet’s aunts embraced Islam except her.

She grieved over the death of her brother Ḥamzah, yet she remained patient and sought her reward with Allah.

She was among the earliest emigrants, though I do not know whether she accepted Islam along with her brother Ḥamzah or later with her son al-Zubayr.

On the day of the Trench she was in the fortress of Ḥassān ibn Thābit. She said, “Ḥassān was with us among the dependants (3). A Jew passed by the fortress and began circling around it while the Muslims were facing their enemy on the front lines.

“She then continued the account, stating that she went down and killed the Jew with a wooden pole (4).”

Hishām narrated from his father, from her, that she said:

“I am the first woman ever to kill a man. Ḥassān was with us when a Jew passed by and started to circle the fortress, so I said to Ḥassān,

‘This fellow might disclose our quarters; I do not trust him. Get up and kill him.’

“He replied, ‘May Allah forgive you; you know I am not the man for that.’ So I girded myself,”

(1) Al-Saib was a Companion who took part in Badr, the Trench and other campaigns. He was martyred at al-Yamama and, as Ibn Hajar notes in Al-Isaba, left no descendants (4/115). (2) See Al-Istiab 13/66 and Ibn Saad, Al-Tabaqat 8/41. (3) Al-Tabaqat 8/41 records that whenever the Prophet went out to confront an enemy, he would place the women and children in the atim of Hassan, for it was one of the strongest fortresses in Madinah. (4) See Ibn Hisham, Al-Sirah 2/228.
تَزَوَّجَهَا: الحَارِثُ أَخُو أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بنِ حَرْبٍ، فَتُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا. وَتَزَّوَجَهَا: العَوَّامُ أَخُو سَيِّدَةِ النِّسَاءِ خَدِيْجَةَ بِنْتِ خُوَيْلِدٍ، فَوَلَدَتْ لَهُ الزُّبَيْرَ، وَالسَّائِبَ (١) ، وَعَبْدَ الكَعْبَةِ (٢) . وَالصَّحِيْحُ أَنَّهُ مَا أَسْلَمَ مِنْ عَمَّاتِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ سِوَاهَا. وَلَقَدْ وَجَدَتْ عَلَى مَصْرَعِ أَخِيْهَا حَمْزَةَ، وَصَبَرَتْ، وَاحْتَسَبَتْ. وَهِيَ مِنَ المُهَاجِرَاتِ الأُوَلِ، وَمَا أَعْلَمُ هَلْ أَسْلَمَتْ مَعَ حَمْزَةَ أَخِيْهَا، أَوْ مَعَ الزُّبَيْرِ وَلَدِهَا. وَقَدْ كَانَتْ يَوْمَ الخَنْدَقِ فِي حِصْنِ حَسَّانِ بنِ ثَابِتٍ، قَالَتْ: وَكَانَ حَسَّانٌ مَعَنَا فِي الذُّرِّيَّةِ (٣) ، فَمَرَّ بِالحِصْنِ يَهُوْدِيٌّ، فَجَعَلَ يُطِيْفُ بِالحِصْنِ، وَالمُسْلِمُوْنَ فِي نُحُورِ عَدُوِّهِمْ. ثُمَّ سَاقَتِ الحَدِيْثَ، وَأَنَّهَا نَزَلَتْ وَقَتَلَتِ اليَهُوْدِيَّ بِعَمُوْدٍ (٤) . فَرَوَى: هِشَامٌ، عَنْ أَبِيْهِ، عَنْهَا، قَالَتْ: أَنَا أَوَّلُ امْرَأَةٍ قَتَلَتْ رَجُلاً، كَانَ حَسَّانٌ مَعَنَا، فَمَرَّ بِنَا يَهُوْدِيٌّ، فَجَعَلَ يُطِيْفُ بِالحِصْنِ، فَقُلْتُ لِحَسَّانٍ: إِنَّ هَذَا لاَ آمَنُهُ أَنْ يَدُلَّ عَلَى عَوْرَتِنَا، فَقُمْ، فَاقْتُلْهُ. قَالَ: يَغْفِرُ اللهُ لَكِ، لَقَدْ عَرَفْتِ مَا أَنَا بِصَاحِبِ هَذَا. فَاحْتَجَزَتْ،
(١) السائب: صحابي شهد بدرا والخندق وغيرهما، واستشهد باليمامة، ولا عقب له كما في " الإصابة " ٤ / ١١٥. (٢) انظر " الاستيعاب " ١٣ / ٦٦، وابن سعد ٨ / ٤١. (٣) في " الطبقات " ٨ / ٤١: وذلك أن النبي ﷺ كان إذا خرج لقتال عدوه رفع النساء والصبيان في أطم حسان لأنه كان من أحصن آطام المدينة. (٤) انظر " سيرة ابن هشام " ٢ / ٢٢٨.

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