Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ - Shams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi - (2/267)

Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Al-Wāqidī related, through the nephew of al-Zuhrī, from his father, who said:
“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ married Sawdah during Ramadan in the tenth year of Prophethood. He later emigrated with her, and she died in Madinah in Shawwāl, in the year 54 AH.⦗1⦘

Al-Wāqidī added, “This is the account we deem reliable.”

ʿAmr ibn al-Ḥārith also transmitted—on the authority of Saʿīd ibn Abī Hilāl—that Sawdah passed away during the caliphate of ʿUmar.⦗2⦘

Ibn Saʿd stated: “Sawdah and her husband embraced Islam and migrated to Abyssinia.”⦗3⦘

Bukayr ibn al-Ashajj reported that al-Sakrān returned from Abyssinia with Sawdah; he then died, after which the Prophet ﷺ proposed to her. She said, “My affair is in your hands.” He replied, “Appoint one of your kinsmen to perform the marriage contract.” She therefore chose Ḥāṭib ibn ʿAmr al-ʿĀmirī—an Emigrant and veteran of Badr—and he concluded the marriage.⦗4⦘

Hishām al-Dastuwāʾī narrated: Qāsim ibn Abī Bazza informed us⦗5⦘ that the Prophet ﷺ sent word to Sawdah concerning her divorce. She sat along his route and said, “I adjure you by the One who has revealed to you…”

(1) Ibn Saʿd, vol. 8, pp. 53 and 55. (2) Reported by al-Bukhari in his Tarikh, vol. 1, pp. 49-50, through the chain: Yahya ibn Sulayman – Ibn Wahb – ʿAmr ibn al-Harith – Saʿid ibn Abi Hilal. All the transmitters in this isnad are reliable. (3) Ibn Saʿd, vol. 8, p. 52. (4) Ibn Saʿd, vol. 8, p. 53, citing al-Waqidi’s narration. (5) The narrator in question is al-Qasim ibn Abi Bazza (with an open b and a doubled z), a Meccan mawla of Banu Makhzum, a trustworthy Quran-reciter from the fifth generation of transmitters. This report of his is mursal (missing the Companion). Although the name is clear in both the manuscript and Ibn Saʿd’s Tabaqat, as well as in Fath, 9/274, Professor al-Abyari altered it to “al-Qasim, from Abu Barza,” and added in the margin: “Al-Qasim is Ibn ʿAwf al-Shaybani; he narrates from Abu Barza Nadrla ibn ʿUbayd al-Aslami, a Companion of the Prophet ﷺ,” claiming the original text is corrupt. The evidence, however, indicates that the original reading is sound.

وَرَوَى: الوَاقِدِيُّ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَخِي الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيْهِ، قَالَ: تَزَوَّجَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ بِسَوْدَةَ فِي رَمَضَانَ، سَنَةَ عَشْرٍ مِنَ النُّبُوَّةِ، وَهَاجَرَ بِهَا، وَمَاتَتْ بِالمَدِيْنَةِ، فِي شَوَّال، سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ وَخَمْسِيْنَ (١) . وَقَالَ الوَاقِدِيُّ: وَهَذَا الثَّبْتُ عِنْدَنَا. وَرَوَى: عَمْرُو بنُ الحَارِثِ، عَنْ سَعِيْدِ بنِ أَبِي هِلاَلٍ: أَنَّ سَوْدَةَ ﵂ تُوُفِّيَتْ زَمَنَ عُمَر (٢) . قَالَ ابْنُ سَعْدٍ: أَسْلَمَتْ سَوْدَةُ وَزَوْجُهَا، فَهَاجرَا إِلَى الحَبَشَةِ (٣) . وَعَنْ بُكَيْرِ بنِ الأَشَجِّ: أَنَّ السَّكْرَانَ قَدِمَ مِنَ الحَبَشَةِ بِسَوْدَةَ، فَتُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا، فَخَطَبَهَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ. فَقَالَتْ: أَمْرِي إِلَيْكَ. قَالَ: (مُرِي رَجُلاً مِنْ قَوْمِكِ يُزَوِّجُكِ) . فَأَمَرَتْ حَاطِبَ بنَ عَمْرٍو العَامِرِيَّ، فَزَوَّجَهَا وَهُوَ مُهَاجِرِيٌّ بَدْرِيٌّ (٤) . هِشَامٌ الدَّسْتُوَائِيُّ: حَدَّثَنَا القَاسِمُ بنُ أَبِي بَزَّةَ (٥) : أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بَعَثَ إِلَى سَوْدَةَ بِطَلاقِهَا، فَجَلَسَتْ عَلَى طَرِيْقِهِ، فَقَالَتْ: أَنْشُدُكَ بِالَّذِي أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكَ

(١) ابن سعد ٨ / ٥٣ و٥٥. (٢) أخرجه البخاري في " تاريخه " ١ / ٤٩، ٥٠ من طريق يحيى بن سليمان، عن ابن وهب، عن عمرو بن الحارث، عن سعيد بن أبي هلال. ورجاله ثقات. (٣) ابن سعد ٨ / ٥٢. (٤) ابن سعد ٨ / ٥٣ من طريق الواقدي. (٥) هو القاسم بن أبي بزة، بفتح الموحدة وتشديد الزاي، المكي مولى بني مخزوم القارئ الثقة، من الطبقة الخامسة، وحديثه هذا مرسل، ومع وضوح الاسم في الأصل وفي الطبقات، وفي الفتح ٩ / ٢٧٤ فقد غيره الأستاذ الابياري إلى القاسم، عن أبي برزة، وكتب في الهامش: القاسم هو ابن عوف الشيباني ويروي عن أبي برزة نضلة بن عبيد الاسلمي صاحب النبي ﷺ، وأشار إلى ما في الأصل، وزعم أنه تحريف.