Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ - Shams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi - (2/228)

Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Wahb; Shuṭayr ibn Shakal (1); al-Muṭṭalib ibn Abī Wadaʿah; ʿAbd Allah ibn Ṣafwān al-Jumaḥī; and a number of others.

After she was widowed, her father offered her in marriage to Abū Bakr, but he gave no reply. He then offered her to ʿUthmān, who said, “It has occurred to me not to marry today.”

ʿUmar felt hurt by their answers and, downcast, complained of his situation to the Prophet ﷺ. The Prophet said, “Hafsah will marry someone better than ʿUthmān, and ʿUthmān will marry someone better than Hafsah.”

He ﷺ then proposed for her, and ʿUmar married her to him (2). The Messenger of Allah thereafter married ʿUthmān to his daughter Ruqayyah after her sister had died.

When ʿUmar had concluded Hafsah’s marriage, Abū Bakr met him, apologized, and said, “Do not hold anything against me. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ had mentioned Hafsah to me, and I could not disclose his secret. Had he declined her, I would certainly have married her myself.” (3)

It is also related that the Prophet ﷺ divorced Hafsah once, but later took her back at Gabriel’s—peace be upon him—command, who said, “She fasts frequently and stands in prayer at night, and she will be your wife in Paradise.” (4)

(1) Shatir ibn Shakl al-Absi, Abu Isa al-Kufi, is a reliable narrator of the third generation; his traditions are recorded by Muslim and the compilers of the Sunan. The editor al-Abyari added a conjunctive waw between “Shatir” and “Shakl” and thus erred, for Shakl is actually Shatir’s father—a Companion from the clan of Hudhayfa ibn al-Yaman whose hadith is transmitted through the Kufans. (2) Reported by Ibn Saʿd, al-Tabaqat, 8/82, and by al-Bukhari, 9/152-153, Kitab al-nikah, chapter “A man offering his daughter or sister to righteous men.” (3) Reported by al-Bukhari, 9/152-153; it is a segment of the preceding hadith. (4) Authentic hadith. Reported by Abu Dawud (2283) and Ibn Majah (2016) from the narration of Umar: “The Messenger of Allah divorced Hafsa and then took her back.” It is also transmitted by al-Nasaʾi, 6/213, through Ibn Umar with a sound chain, and by al-Hakim in al-Mustadrak, 4/15, through the route of Musa ibn Ismail → Hammad ibn Salama → Abu Imran.

وَهْبٍ، وَشُتَيْرُ بنُ شَكَلٍ (١) ، وَالمُطَّلِبُ بنُ أَبِي وَدَاعَةَ، وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بنُ صَفْوَانَ الجُمَحِيُّ، وَطَائِفَةٌ. وَكَانَتْ لَمَّا تَأَيَّمَتْ، عَرَضَهَا أَبُوْهَا عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ، فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ بِشَيْءٍ؛ وَعَرَضَهَا عَلَى عُثْمَانَ، فَقَالَ: بَدَا لِي أَلاَّ أَتَزَوَّجَ اليَوْمَ. فَوَجَدَ عَلَيْهِمَا، وَانْكَسَرَ، وَشَكَا حَالَهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ: (يَتَزَوَّجُ حَفْصَةَ مَنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ عُثْمَانَ؛ وَيَتَزَوَّجُ عُثْمَانُ مَنْ هِيَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ حَفْصَةَ) . ثُمَّ خَطَبَهَا، فَزَوَّجَهُ عُمَرُ (٢) . وَزَوَّجَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ عُثْمَانَ بِابْنَتِهِ رُقَيَّةَ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ أُخْتِهَا. وَلَمَّا أَنْ زَوَّجَهَا عُمَرُ، لَقِيَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، فَاعْتَذَرَ، وَقَالَ: لاَ تَجِدْ عَلَيَّ، فَإِنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ قَدْ ذَكَرَ حَفْصَةَ؛ فَلَمْ أَكُنْ لأُفْشِيَ سِرَّهُ، وَلَوْ تَرَكَهَا لَتَزَوَّجْتُهَا (٣) . وَرُوِيَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ طَلَّقَ حَفْصَةَ تَطْلِيْقَةً، ثُمَّ رَاجَعَهَا بِأَمْرِ جِبْرِيْلَ ﵇ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ، وَقَالَ: (إِنَّهَا صَوَّامَةٌ، قَوَّامَةٌ، وَهِيَ زَوْجَتُكَ فِي الجَنَّةِ) (٤) .

(١) هو شتير بن شكل العبسي أبو عيسى الكوفي ثقة من الطبقة الثالثة، أخرج حديثه مسلم وأصحاب السنن، وقد زاد الأستاذ الابياري واوا بين شتير وشكل، فأخطأ، فإن شكلا هو والد شتير وهو صحابي من رهط حذيفة بن اليمان، حديثه في الكوفيين. (٢) أخرجه ابن سعد في " الطبقات " ٨ / ٨٢ والبخاري ٩ / ١٥٢، ١٥٣ في النكاح: باب عرض الإنسان بنته أو أخته على أهل الخير. (٣) أخرجه البخاري ٩ / ١٥٢، ١٥٣ وهو قطعة من الحديث السابق. (٤) حديث صحيح، أخرجه أبو داود (٢٢٨٣) وابن ماجة (٢٠١٦) من حديث عمر " أن رسول الله ﷺ طلق حفصة ثم راجعها ". وأخرجه النسائي ٦ / ٢١٣ من حديث ابن عمر وإسناده صحيح، وأخرجه الحاكم في " المستدرك " ٤ / ١٥ من طريق موسى بن إسماعيل، عن حماد بن سلمة، أنبأنا أبوعمران =