Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

ʿAbd Allah ibn Jaʿfar informed us; Aḥmad ibn al-Furāt informed us; Abū Usāmah narrated to us, from Hishām ibn ʿUrwah, from his father, who said:
“I never saw anyone more knowledgeable in medicine than ʿĀʾishah.”
So I asked, “Aunt, from whom did you learn medicine?”
She replied, “I used to hear people prescribing remedies to one another, and I would commit them to memory.”

Saʿīd ibn Sulaymān likewise transmits—from Abū Usāmah, from Hishām, from his father—who said:
“I kept the company of ʿĀʾishah, and I have never seen anyone who knew more about a revealed verse, an obligatory share, a sunnah, poetry—or could recite it more fully—any of the Days of the Arabs, genealogy, and so forth, judicial rulings, or medicine than she did.
“So I asked her, ‘Aunt, where did you learn medicine?’
“She answered, ‘I would fall ill and a treatment would be prescribed for me; someone else would fall ill and a treatment would be prescribed for him; and I would hear people prescribing remedies to one another, so I memorised them.’ ⦗1⦘”
ʿUrwah added, “Much of her knowledge has now vanished; I failed to ask her about it.”

Ibrāhīm ibn al-Mundhir al-Ḥizāmī ⦗2⦘ reports: ʿUmar ibn ʿUthmān related to us, from Ibn Shihāb, who said: al-Qāsim ibn Muḥammad told us that Muʿāwiyah entered upon ʿĀʾishah and spoke with her.
When Muʿāwiyah rose to leave, he leaned on the hand of her freedman Dzakwān and said, “By Allah, I have never heard anyone more eloquent than ʿĀʾishah—apart from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.”

Concerning ʿUmar ibn ʿUthmān al-Taymī: he is not considered reliable.

Al-Zuhrī transmitted this report through Maʿmar and al-Awzāʿī; the wording cited here is that of al-Awzāʿī, who said:
“Auf ibn al-Ṭufayl ibn al-Ḥārith al-Azdī—who was the nephew of ʿĀʾishah—told me …”

(1) All the transmitters in its chain are reliable. Abu Nuaym likewise cites it in Hilyat al-awliya, 2/49, with a comparable wording via the isnad: Jaafar al-Firyabi — Manjab ibn al-Harith — Ali ibn Mushir — Hisham ibn Urwah — from his father … (2) In the Damascus printed edition the name is erroneously written as “al-Harami.”
جَعْفَرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بنُ الفُرَاتِ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيْهِ، قَالَ: مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَداً أَعْلَمَ بِالطِّبِّ مِنْ عَائِشَةَ ﵂. فَقُلْتُ: يَا خَالَةُ، مِمَّنْ تَعَلَّمْتِ الطِّبَّ؟! قَالَتْ: كُنْتُ أَسْمَعُ النَّاسَ يَنْعَتُ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ، فَأَحْفَظُهُ. سَعِيْدُ بنُ سُلَيْمَانَ: عَنْ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ أَبِيْهِ، قَالَ: لَقَدْ صَحِبْتُ عَائِشَةَ، فَمَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَداً قَطُّ كَانَ أَعْلَمَ بِآيَةٍ أُنْزِلَتْ، وَلاَ بِفَرِيْضَةٍ، وَلاَ بِسُنَّةٍ، وَلاَ بِشِعْرٍ، وَلاَ أَرْوَى لَهُ، وَلاَ بِيَوْمٍ مِنْ أَيَّامِ العَرَبِ، وَلاَ بِنَسَبٍ، وَلاَ بِكَذَا، وَلاَ بِكَذَا، وَلاَ بِقَضَاءٍ، وَلاَ طِبٍّ مِنْهَا. فَقُلْتُ لَهَا: يَا خَالَةُ، الطِّبُّ مِنْ أَيْنَ عُلِّمْتِهِ؟! فَقَالَتْ: كُنْتُ أَمْرَضُ، فَيُنْعَتُ لِيَ الشَّيْءُ، وَيَمْرَضُ المَرِيْضُ، فَيُنْعَتُ لَهُ، وَأَسْمَعُ النَّاسَ يَنْعَتُ بَعَضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ، فَأَحْفَظُهُ (١) . قَالَ عُرْوَةُ: فَلَقَدْ ذَهَبَ عَامَّةُ عِلْمِهَا لَمْ أَسْأَلْ عَنْهُ. إِبْرَاهِيْمُ بنُ المُنْذِرِ الحِزَامِيُّ (٢) : حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بنُ عُثْمَانَ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، حَدَّثَنَا القَاسِمُ بنُ مُحَمَّدٍ: أَنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ دَخَلَ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ، فَكَلَّمَهَا. قَالَ: فَلمَّا قَامَ مُعَاوِيَةُ، اتَّكَأَ عَلَى يَدِ مَوْلاَهَا ذَكْوَانَ، فَقَالَ: وَاللهِ مَا سَمِعْتُ قَطُّ أَبْلَغَ مِنْ عَائِشَةَ، لَيْسَ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ. عُمَرُ بنُ عُثْمَانَ التَّيْمِيُّ: لَيْسَ بِالثَّبْتِ. الزُّهْرِيُّ: مِنْ رِوَايَةِ مَعْمَرٍ وَالأَوْزَاعِيِّ عَنْهُ، وَهَذَا لَفْظُ الأَوْزَاعِيِّ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي عَوْفُ بنُ الطُّفَيْلِ بنِ الحَارِثِ الأَزْدِيُّ، وَهُوَ ابْنُ أَخِي عَائِشَةَ
(١) رجاله ثقات، وأخرجه أبو نعيم في " الحلية " ٢ / ٤٩ بنحوه من طريق جعفر الفريابي، عن منجاب بن الحارث، عن علي بن مسهر، عن هشام بن عروة، عن أبيه ... (٢) تصحف في مطبوعة دمشق إلى " الحرامي "

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