Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ - Shams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi - (2/127)

Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Abū Nuʿaym said: Muḥammad ibn Marwān al-Dhuhalī narrated to us, Abū Ḥāzim narrated to us, and Abū Hurayrah narrated to me:

“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, ‘An angel asked Allah for permission to visit me and gave me the glad tidings that Fāṭimah is the leader of the women of my nation, and that al-Ḥasan and al-Ḥusayn are the leaders of the youth of Paradise.’”

This narration is extremely singular, and al-Dhuhalī transmits only sparingly. (1)

A similar report is also related from Abū Hurayrah.

Maysarah ibn Ḥabīb—from al-Minhāl ibn ʿAmr—from ʿĀʾishah bint Ṭalḥah—from ʿĀʾishah, Mother of the Believers—said:

“I never saw anyone whose speech and conversation more closely resembled that of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ than Fāṭimah. Whenever she entered his presence, he would stand to greet her, kiss her, and welcome her warmly; and she did the same for him.” (2)

Maysarah is trustworthy.

al-Zuhrī—from ʿUrwah—from ʿĀʾishah—said:

“Fāṭimah lived six months after the Prophet ﷺ and was buried at night.” (3)

al-Wāqidī said, “This is the most reliable of the statements according to us.”

He added, “al-ʿAbbās led the funeral prayer over her, and he, ʿAlī, and al-Faḍl descended into her grave.” (4)

(1) Al-Dhahabi states in his Mizan (biographical dictionary) that this narrator is “virtually unknown,” yet he nevertheless quotes the present report. Al-Haythami also cites the hadith in Majmaʿ, 9/183, attributing it to al-Tabari and judging it weak on account of the anonymity of al-Zuhli. In the longer hadith of Hudhayfa recorded by al-Tirmidhi (no. 3781) the Prophet says: “This is an angel who has never before descended to earth; he asked his Lord’s permission to greet me and to give me the glad tidings that Fatima is the mistress of the women of Paradise and that al-Hasan and al-Husayn are the leaders of the youths of Paradise.” The chain of transmission is hasan (reliable). (2) Chain of transmission: hasan (reliable). Reported by Abu Dawud (no. 5217) in the Book of Etiquette, chapter “Standing Up,” and by al-Tirmidhi (no. 3871) in the Book of Merits, chapter “The Merits of Fatima, daughter of Muhammad.” Al-Hakim declared it sahih, 3/154, a judgement endorsed by al-Dhahabi. (3) Al-Mustadrak, 3/162. (4) The printed edition mistakenly reads dakhala (“entered”) here.

أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بنُ مَرْوَانَ الذُّهَلِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو حَازِمٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ: أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: (إِنَّ مَلَكاً اسْتَأذَنَ اللهَ فِي زِيَارَتِي، فَبَشَّرَنِي أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ سَيِّدَةُ نِسَاءِ أُمَّتِي، وَأَنَّ الحَسَنَ وَالحُسَيْنَ سَيِّدَا شَبَابِ أَهْلِ الجَنَّةِ) . غَرِيْبٌ جِدّاً، وَالذُّهْلِيُّ: مُقِلٌّ (١) . وَيُرْوَى نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ حَدِيْثِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَيْضاً. مَيْسَرَةُ بنُ حَبِيْبٍ: عَنِ المِنْهَالِ بنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ بِنْتِ طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أُمِّ المُؤْمِنِيْنَ، قَالَتْ: مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَداً كَانَ أَشْبَهَ كَلاَماً وَحَدِيْثاً بِرَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ فَاطِمَةَ، وَكَانَتْ إِذَا دَخَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ قَامَ إِلَيْهَا، فَقَبَّلَهَا، وَرَحَّبَ بِهَا، وَكَذَلِكَ كَانَتْ هِيَ تَصْنَعُ بِهِ (٢) . مَيْسَرَةُ: صَدُوْقٌ. الزُّهْرِيُّ: عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: عَاشَتْ فَاطِمَةُ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ، وَدُفِنَتْ لَيْلاً (٣) . قَالَ الوَاقِدِيُّ: هَذَا أَثْبَتُ الأَقَاوِيْلِ عِنْدَنَا. قَالَ: وَصَلَّى (٤) عَلَيْهَا العَبَّاسُ، وَنَزَلَ فِي حُفْرَتِهَا هُوَ وَعَلِيٌّ وَالفَضْلُ.

(١) قال المؤلف عنه في " ميزانه " لا يكاد يعرف، ثم أورد حديثه هذا، وذكره الهيثمي في " المجمع " ٩ / ١٨٣، ونسبه للطبري، وأعله بجهالة الذهلي. وفي حديث حذيفة الطويل عند الترمذي (٣٧٨١) " إن هذا ملك لم ينزل الأرض قط قبل هذه الليلة استأذن ربه أن يسلم علي، ويبشرني بأن فاطمة سيدة نساء أهل الجنة، وأن الحسن والحسين سيدا شباب أهل الجنة " وسنده حسن. (٢) إسناده حسن، أخرجه أبو داود (٥٢١٧) في الأدب: باب ما جاء في القيام، والترمذي (٣٨٧١) في المناقب. باب مناقب فاطمة بنت محمد ﷺ، وصححه الحاكم ٣ / ١٥٤، ووافقه الذهبي. (٣) " المستدرك " ٣ / ١٦٢. (٤) تحرفت في المطبوع إلى " دخل ".