Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

and a fetter!’
He then signalled to his companions. They appealed to him about the matter, so he relented.

Abū al-Mughīrah al-Khawlānī reported: Ṣafwān ibn ʿAmr narrated to us; Abū al-Ṣalt al-Ḥaḍramī told me:
‘We had cut the Iraqis off from the water. A horseman came toward us, then removed his helmet, and—lo—it was al-Ashʿath ibn Qays. He said,
“Fear Allah, Muʿāwiyah, with regard to the community of Muhammad ﷺ! Suppose you kill the people of Iraq—who will defend the frontiers and care for the children? Or suppose we kill you—who will defend the frontiers and care for the children? Allah says, ‘If two groups of believers fight, then make peace between them.’ (Qur’an 49:9).”
Muʿāwiyah asked, “What do you want?”
He replied, “Let us have access to the water.”
So Muʿāwiyah said to Abū al-Aʿwar, “Allow our brothers access to the water.” (1)’

Al-Shaybānī (2) related from Qays ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ashʿath that al-Ashʿath had been ʿUthmān’s governor over Azerbaijan. On one occasion he swore an oath and expiated it with fifteen thousand.

Ismāʿīl ibn Abī Khālid reported from al-Shaʿbī:
‘Al-Ashʿath once swore an oath, then said, “May Allah curse this money! By Allah, I swore only truthfully, yet it still has to be returned to its owner,” and it amounted to thirty thousand.’

Shurayk reported: Abū Isḥāq said,
‘I performed the dawn prayer in al-Ashʿath’s mosque. When the imam gave the salām, I found a purse and a pair of sandals in front of me. I looked around and saw that every man had a purse and a pair of sandals in front of him. I asked, “What is this?” They said, “Al-Ashʿath arrived last night and said, ‘See to it!’”’

(1) Al-Mizzi cites this report in Tahdhib al-Kamal, p. 119, quoting from Abd Allah b. al-Imam Ahmad in his book Siffin: “My father related to me; he said: Abu al-Mughira narrated to us …” (2) The narrator is Sulayman b. Abi Sulayman al-Shaybani, Abu Ishaq of Kufa, a reliable transmitter; in the printed edition his name was mistakenly rendered as al-Sulami.
وَقَيْداً! ثُمَّ أَوْمَأَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ. قَالَ: فَطَلَبُوا إِلَيْهِ فِيْهِ، فَتَرَكَهُ. أَبُو المُغِيْرَةِ الخَوْلاَنِيُّ: حَدَّثَنَا صَفْوَانُ بنُ عَمْرٍو؛ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الصَّلْتِ الحَضْرَمِيُّ، قَالَ: حُلْنَا بَيْنَ أَهْلِ العِرَاقِ وَبَيْنَ المَاءِ؛ فَأَتَانَا فَارِسٌ، ثُمَّ حَسَرَ؛ فَإِذَا هُوَ الأَشْعَثُ بنُ قَيْسٍ، فَقَالَ: اللهَ اللهَ يَا مُعَاوِيَةُ فِي أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ! هَبُوْا أَنَّكُمْ قَتَلْتُم أَهْلَ العِرَاقِ، فَمَنْ لِلْبُعُوْثِ وَالذَّرَارِي؟ أَمْ هَبُوْا أَنَّا قَتَلْنَاكُم، فَمَنْ لِلْبُعُوْثِ وَالذَّرَارِي؟ إِنَّ اللهَ يَقُوْلُ: ﴿وَإِنْ طَائِفَتَانِ مِنَ المُؤْمِنِيْنَ اقْتَتَلُوا، فَأَصْلِحُوا بَيْنَهُمَا﴾ [الحُجُرَاتُ: ٩] . قَالَ مُعَاوِيَةُ: فَمَا تُرِيْدُ؟ قَالَ: خَلُّوا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ المَاءِ. فَقَالَ لأَبِي الأَعْوَرِ: خَلِّ بَيْنَ إِخْوَانِنَا وَبَيْنَ المَاءِ (١) . رَوَى: الشَّيْبَانِيُّ (٢) ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بنِ مُحَمَّدِ بنِ الأَشْعَثِ: أَنَّ الأَشْعَثَ كَانَ عَامِلاً لِعُثْمَانَ عَلَى أَذْرَبِيْجَانَ، فَحَلَفَ مَرَّةً عَلَى شَيْءٍ؛ فَكَفَّرَ عَنْ يَمِيْنِهِ بِخَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ أَلْفاً. إِسْمَاعِيْلُ بنُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ: عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، قَالَ: كَانَ الأَشْعَثُ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِيْنٍ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: قَبَّحَكَ اللهُ مِنْ مَالٍ! أَمَا وَاللهِ مَا حَلَفْتُ إِلاَّ عَلَى حَقٍّ، وَلَكِنَّهُ رَدٌّ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ، وَكَانَ ثَلاَثِيْنَ أَلْفاً. شَرِيْكٌ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ: صَلَّيْتُ الفَجْرَ بِمَسْجِدِ الأَشْعَثِ، فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ الإِمَامُ، إِذَا بَيْنَ يَدَيَّ كِيْسٌ وَنَعْلٌ؛ فَنَظَرْتُ، فَإِذَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ كُلِّ رَجُلٍ كِيْسٌ وَنَعْلٌ. فَقُلْتُ: مَا هَذَا؟ قَالُوا: قَدِمَ الأَشْعَثُ اللَّيْلَةَ، فَقَالَ: انْظُرُوا!
(١) أورده المزي في " تهذيب الكمال " ص ١١٩ عن عبد الله بن الامام أحمد في كتاب " صفين ": حدثني أبي قال: حدثنا أبو المغيرة ... (٢) هو سليمان بن أبي سليمان الشيباني أبو إسحاق الكوفي الثقة وقد تحرف في المطبوع إلى السلمي.

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