Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ - Shams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi - (2/39)

Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

with the Kinda delegation. He asked me, “Do you have any children?”
I replied, “A little one—he was born the very day I set out to see you…,” and so the narration continues. (1)

Ibrāhīm al-Nakhaʿī said:
“Al-Ashʿath rebelled together with a number of Kinda. They were besieged and forced to surrender under a pledge of safety. He obtained that pledge for seventy of his men but not for himself. When he was brought before al-Ṣiddīq (Abu Bakr), the latter told him, ‘We are going to kill you; no guarantee applies to you.’
Al-Ashʿath replied, ‘Show me clemency and I will accept Islam.’
Abu Bakr did so and married him to his sister.

Another version adds that he said to Abu Bakr, ‘Marry me your sister,’ so Abu Bakr gave him Farwah bint Abī Quḥāfah.

Abū ʿUbayd transmitted this report in al-Amwāl (2); apparently her father had delegated the right of arranging her marriage to Abu Bakr.

Ibn Abī Khālid, quoting Qays, said:
‘When al-Ashʿath ibn Qays was brought in chains to Abu Bakr, he released him and married him to his sister. Al-Ashʿath thereupon drew his sword, went into the camel market, and whenever he saw a she-camel or a camel he hamstrung it. The people shouted, “Al-Ashʿath has apostatized!”
He then threw down his sword and said, “By Allah, I have not disbelieved; but this man has married me to his sister. Had we been in our own land, our wedding feast would have looked different from this. People of Medina, slaughter and eat! And you camel owners, come and take their sharwāhā (i.e., their due compensation)!”’

(1) The remainder of the report states: “I would have liked to ransom him with enough food to satisfy the whole people.” The Prophet said: “Do not say that, for among them are a delight to the eye and a stored-up reward when they die; yet if you insist on saying so, know that they induce cowardice, grief, and miserliness.” Related by Ahmad, 5:211, and al-Tabarani, no. 646. The narrator Mujalid is weak, and for that reason al-Haythami declared the isnad defective in Majmaʿ, 8:155. Nevertheless, al-Hakim judged the hadith sound (4:239) and al-Dhahabi concurred, citing the route of Sufyan – al-Aʿmash – Khaythama – al-Ashʿath ibn Qays. (2) Page 149, through the isnad Sharik – Ibrahim ibn Muhajir – Ibrahim al-Nakhaʿi. (3) Reported by al-Tabarani in al-Kabir, no. 649; the chain is sound and its narrators are those of the Sahih except for ʿAbd al-Muʾmin ibn ʿAli, who is trustworthy, as noted in Jarh wa-taʿdil, 6:66. The phrase khudhu sharwaha means “take one of the same kind.”

فِي وَفْدِ كِنْدَةَ، فَقَالَ لِي: (هَلْ لَكَ مِنْ وَلَدٍ؟) . قُلْتُ: صَغِيْرٌ، وُلِدَ مَخْرَجِي إِلَيْكَ ... ، الحَدِيْثَ (١) . وَعَنْ إِبْرَاهِيْمَ النَّخَعِيَّ، قَالَ: ارْتَدَّ الأَشْعَثُ فِي نَاسٍ مِنْ كِنْدَةَ، فَحُوْصِرَ، وَأُخِذَ بِالأَمَانِ، فَأَخَذَ الأَمَانَ لِسَبْعِيْنَ، وَلَمْ يَأْخُذْ لِنَفْسِهِ، فَأُتِيَ بِهِ الصِّدِّيْقَ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّا قَاتِلُوْكَ، لاَ أَمَانَ لَكَ. فَقَالَ: تَمُنُّ عَلَيَّ وَأُسْلِمُ؟ قَالَ: فَفَعَلَ، وَزَوَّجَهُ أُخْتَهُ. زَادَ غَيْرُهُ: فَقَالَ لأَبِي بَكْرٍ: زَوِّجْنِي أُخْتَكَ. فَزَوَّجَهُ فَرْوَةَ بِنْتَ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ. رَوَاهُ: أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ فِي (الأَمْوَالِ (٢)) ، فَلَعَلَّ أَبَاهَا فَوَّضَ النِّكَاحَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ. ابْنُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ: عَنْ قَيْسٍ، قَالَ: لَمَّا قُدِمَ بِالأَشْعَثِ بنِ قَيْسٍ أَسِيْراً عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَطْلَقَ وَثَاقَهُ، وَزَوَّجَهُ أُخْتَهُ. فَاخْتَرَطَ سَيْفَهُ، وَدَخَلَ سُوْقَ الإِبِلِ، فَجَعَلَ لاَ يَرَى نَاقَةً وَلاَ جَمَلاً إِلاَّ عَرْقَبَهُ، وَصَاحَ النَّاسُ: كَفَرَ الأَشْعَثُ! ثُمَّ طَرَحَ سَيْفَهُ، وَقَالَ: وَاللهِ مَا كَفَرْتُ؛ وَلَكِنَّ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ زَوَّجَنِي أُخْتَهُ؛ وَلَو كُنَّا فِي بِلاَدِنَا لَكَانَتْ لَنَا وَلِيْمَةٌ غَيْرُ هَذِهِ، يَا أَهْلَ المَدِيْنَةِ، انْحَرُوا، وَكُلُوا! وَيَا أَهْلَ الإِبِلِ تَعَالَوْا خُذُوا شَرْوَاهَا!

(١) وتمامه: ولوددت أن لي مكانه شبع القوم، فقال النبي ﷺ: " لا تقل ذاك، فإن فيهم قرة أعين وأجرا إذا قبضوا، ولئن قلت ذلك، فإنهم لمجبنة ومحزنة ومبخلة " أخرجه أحمد ٥ / ٢١١، والطبراني (٦٤٦) ومجالد ضعيف، وبه أعله الهيثمي في " المجمع " ٨ / ١٥٥، ومع ذلك صححه الحاكم ٤ / ٢٣٩، ووافقه الذهبي من طريق سفيان، عن الأعمش، عن خيثمة، عن الاشعث بن قيس ... (٢) ص ١٤٩ من طريق شريك، عن إبراهيم بن مهاجر، عن إبراهيم النخعي.. (٣) أخرجه الطبراني في " الكبير " (٦٤٩) وإسناده صحيح ورجاله رجال الصحيح غير عبد المؤمن بن علي وهو ثقة مترجم في " الجرح والتعديل " ٦ / ٦٦ وقوله: خذوا شرواها، أي: مثلها.