Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

No authentic report confirms that the Prophet ﷺ ever performed a funeral prayer in absentia for anyone other than al-Najashī. The reason is that he died among a Christian people and no one there could pray over him, for the Companions who had been living with him as emigrants had already left and re-emigrated to Madinah in the year of Khaybar.

Ibn Isḥāq, on the authority of al-Zuhrī, said:
“I related to ʿUrwah ibn al-Zubayr the narration of Abū Bakr ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān—on the authority of Umm Salamah—about the story of al-Najashī and his words to ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ:
‘By Allah, when Allah returned my kingdom to me He did not take a bribe from me, and the people did not obey me only that I should now obey them concerning him.’”

ʿUrwah said, “Do you know what that means?”
I replied, “No.”
He said, “ʿĀʾishah told me that his father had been the king of his people and had no child except al-Najashī. Al-Najashī, however, had an uncle with twelve sons, and they formed the royal household of Abyssinia.

“The Abyssinians said among themselves, ‘If we kill al-Najashī’s father and place his brother on the throne—since he has no heir but this boy while the brother has twelve sons—the kingdom will remain among his descendants after him and Abyssinia will endure for a long time.’

“So they attacked al-Najashī’s father, killed him, and enthroned his brother. Matters remained thus, and al-Najashī grew up with his uncle. He proved intelligent and resolute, came to dominate his uncle’s affairs, and was entrusted with every responsibility.

“When the Abyssinians saw the position he had with his uncle, they said among themselves, ‘By Allah, we fear that he will one day take the throne; and if he does, he will surely kill us all, for he knows that we are the ones who killed his father.’ So they went to…"

= Reported by al-Bukhari 3/163; Muslim, no. 951; Abu Dawud, no. 3204; al-Tayalisi, no. 2300; Ibn Majah, no. 1534; al-Nasai 4/70; and al-Tirmidhi, no. 1022, all through the narration of Abu Hurayra. Also recorded by Muslim, no. 953; al-Nasai 4/70; Ibn Majah, no. 1535; al-Tayalisi, no. 749; Ahmad 4/431, 433; and al-Tirmidhi, no. 1039, on the authority of Imran b. Husayn. Likewise transmitted by al-Tayalisi, no. 1068; Ibn Majah, no. 1537; and Ahmad 4/7, from Hudhayfa b. Asid. Narrated as well by Ahmad 4/64; Ibn Majah, no. 1536; and Ahmad 5/376, through the chain of Mujamma b. Haritha al-Ansari. Ibn Majah, no. 1538, relates it on the authority of Abd Allah b. Umar. Ahmad 4/260, 263 likewise records it from Jarir b. Abd Allah.
وَلَمْ يَثْبُتْ أَنَّهُ صَلَّى ﷺ عَلَى غَائِبٍ سِوَاهُ. وَسَبَبُ ذَلِكَ: أَنَّهُ مَاتَ بَيْنَ قَوْمٍ نَصَارَى، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ مَنْ يُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ، لأَنَّ الصَّحَابَةَ الَّذِيْنَ كَانُوا مُهَاجِرِيْنَ عِنْدَهُ خَرَجُوا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ مُهَاجِرِيْنَ إِلَى المَدِيْنَةِ عَامَ خَيْبَرَ. ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثْتُ عُرْوَةَ بنَ الزُّبَيْرِ بِحَدِيْثِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ بنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ بِقِصَّةِ النَّجَاشِيِّ، وَقَوْلِهِ لِعَمْرِو بنِ العَاصِ: فَوَاللهِ مَا أَخَذَ اللهُ مِنِّي الرِّشْوَةَ حِيْنَ رَدَّ عَلَيَّ مُلْكِي، وَمَا أَطَاعَ النَّاسُ فِيَّ، فَأُطِيْعُ النَّاسَ فِيْهِ. فَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ: أَتَدْرِي مَا مَعْنَاهُ؟ قُلْتُ: لاَ. قَالَ: إِنَّ عَائِشَةَ حَدَّثَتْنِي: أَنَّ أَبَاهُ كَانَ مَلِكَ قَوْمِهِ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَلَدٌ إِلاَّ النَّجَاشِيُّ، وَكَانَ لِلنَّجَاشِيِّ عَمٌّ، لَهُ مِنْ صُلْبِهِ اثْنَا عَشَرَ رَجُلاً، وَكَانُوا أَهْلَ بَيْتِ مَمْلَكَةِ الحَبَشَةِ. فَقَالَتِ الحَبَشَةُ بَيْنَهَا: لَوْ أَنَّا قَتَلْنَا أَبَا النَّجَاشِيِّ، وَمَلَّكْنَا أَخَاهُ، فَإِنَّهُ لاَ وَلَدَ لَهُ غَيْرَ هَذَا الغُلاَمِ، وَإِنَّ لأَخِيْهِ اثْنَيْ عَشْرَةَ وَلَداً، فَتَوَارَثُوا مُلْكَهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ، فَبَقِيَتِ الحَبَشَةُ بَعْدَهُ دَهْراً. فَعَدَوْا عَلَى أَبِي النَّجَاشِيِّ، فَقَتَلُوْهُ، وَمَلَّكُوا أَخَاهُ، فَمَكَثُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ، وَنَشَأَ النَّجَاشِيُّ مَعَ عَمِّهِ، وَكَانَ لَبِيْباً حَازِماً مِنَ الرِّجَالِ، فَغَلَبَ عَلَى أَمْرِ عَمِّهِ، وَنَزَلَ مِنْهُ بِكُلِّ مَنْزِلَةٍ. فَلَمَّا رَأَتِ الحَبَشَةُ مَكَانَهُ مِنْهُ، قَالَتْ بَيْنهَا: وَاللهِ إِنَّا لَنَتَخَوَّفُ أَنْ يَمْلِكَهُ، وَلَئِنْ مَلَكَهُ عَلَيْنَا لَيَقْتُلُنَا أَجْمَعِيْنَ، لَقَدْ عَرَفَ أَنَّا نَحْنُ قَتَلْنَا أَبَاهُ. فَمَشَوْا إِلَى
= ورواه البخاري ٣ / ١٦٣، ومسلم (٩٥١) ، وأبو داود (٣٢٠٤) ، والطيالسي (٢٣٠٠) ، وابن ماجه (١٥٣٤) والنسائي ٤ / ٧٠، والترمذي (١٠٢٢) من حديث أبي هريرة. وأخرجه مسلم (٩٥٣) ، والنسائي ٤ / ٧٠، وابن ماجه (١٥٣٥) ، والطيالسي (٧٤٩) ، وأحمد ٤ / ٤٣١، ٤٣٣، والترمذي (١٠٣٩) من حديث عمران بن حصين. ورواه الطيالسي (١٠٦٨) ، وابن ماجه (١٥٣٧) ، وأحمد ٤ / ٧ عن حذيفة بن أسيد. ورواه أحمد ٤ / ٦٤، وابن ماجه (١٥٣٦) ، وأحمد ٥ / ٣٧٦ من حديث مجمع بن حارثة الأنصاري. وأخرجه ابن ماجه (١٥٣٨) من حديث عبد الله بن عمر. وأخرجه أحمد ٤ / ٢٦٠، ٢٦٣ من حديث جرير بن عبد الله.

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