Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

and he wrote to Khalid, so Khalid came to him. Abu Bakr said, “Can you say anything beyond the possibility that he interpreted the matter and erred?” He then reinstated him, paid the blood-money for Malik, and returned both the captives and the property (1).

Ibn Ishaq reports: Khalid entered upon Abu Bakr, related what had happened, offered his apology, and Abu Bakr accepted it.

Sayf, in al-Ridda, narrates—from Hisham ibn ʿUrwah, from his father—that some members of the detachment testified that Malik’s people had given the call to prayer, pronounced the iqamah, and performed the prayer just as they themselves had done. Others testified to the contrary, and they were put to death.

Malik’s brother, Mutammim ibn Nuwayrah, then came to al-Siddiq seeking retaliation for his blood and requesting the release of the captives, so Abu Bakr wrote ordering that the captives be returned.

ʿUmar pressed him insistently to dismiss Khalid, saying, “There is recklessness in his sword.” Abu Bakr answered, “No, O ʿUmar! I will never sheathe (2) a sword that Allah has unsheathed against the disbelievers (3).”

Sayf also transmits—from Ibn Ishaq, from Muhammad ibn Jaʿfar ibn al-Zubayr and others—that Khalid dispatched raiding parties, and Malik was brought before him. People differed about them and about the sincerity of their Islam. Umm Tamim arrived with her face unveiled, threw herself upon Malik—she was the most beautiful of people—and he said to her, “Keep away from me, for by Allah, you have ruined me.”

Khalid then ordered that they be executed, and their necks were struck. Abu Qatadah rose and pleaded with him on their behalf, but Khalid paid no attention. Abu Qatadah mounted his horse, caught up with Abu Bakr, and swore, “I will never march in an army under Khalid’s banner.” He added, “He ignored my statement and accepted the testimony of the Bedouins whom the spoils had tempted (4).”

(1) Al-Madaini is Ali ibn Muhammad, the historical transmitter; he is deemed weak, while the remaining transmitters in the chain are reliable. (2) The printed edition has a typographical error, reading "lash­tam" instead. (3) The report is not sound because of the weakness of Sif ibn Umar al-Dabbi al-Asidi. ‑ Abbas ibn Yahya judged him weak; Mutiin transmitted from Yahya that “a copper coin is better than he is.” Abu Dawud said, “He is worthless.” Abu Hatim declared him “abandoned.” Ibn Adi noted that most of his narrations are objectionable. Sif died during the reign of the caliph Harun al-Rashid. (4) The chain of transmission is identical to the previous one; the report is also found in Usud al-Ghaba, vol. 2, p. 111.
وَكَتَبَ إِلَى خَالِدٍ، فَقَدِمَ عَلَيْهِ. فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: هَلْ تَزِيْدُوْنَ عَلَى أَنْ يَكُوْنَ تَأَوَّلَ فَأَخْطَأَ؟ ثُمَّ رَدَّهُ، وَوَدَى مَالكاً، وَرَدَّ السَّبْيَ وَالمَالَ (١) . وَعَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ: دَخَلَ خَالِدٌ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ، وَاعْتَذَرَ، فَعَذَرَهُ. قَالَ سَيْفٌ فِي (الرِّدَّةِ) : عَنْ هِشَامِ بنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيْهِ، قَالَ: شَهِدَ قَوْمٌ مِنَ السَّرِيَّةِ أَنَّهُم أَذَّنُوا، وَأَقَامُوا، وَصَلَّوْا، فَفَعَلُوا مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ. وَشَهِدَ آخَرُوْنَ بِنَفْيِ ذَلِكَ، فَقُتِلُوا. وَقَدِمَ أَخُوْهُ مُتَمِّمُ بنُ نُوَيْرَةَ يُنْشِدُ الصِّدِّيْقَ دَمَهُ، وَيَطْلُبُ السَّبْيَ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ بِرَدِّ السَّبْيِ. وَأَلَحَّ عَلَيْهِ عُمَرُ فِي أَنْ يَعْزِلَ خَالِداً، وَقَالَ: إِنَّ فِي سَيْفِهِ رَهَقاً. فَقَالَ: لاَ يَا عُمَرُ، لَمْ أَكُنْ لأَشِيْمَ (٢) سَيْفاً سَلَّهُ اللهُ عَلَى الكَافِرِيْنَ (٣) . سَيْفٌ: عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بنِ جَعْفَرِ بنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَغَيْرِهِ: أَنَّ خَالِداً بَثَّ السَّرَايَا، فَأُتِيَ بِمَالِكٍ. فَاخْتَلَفَ قَوْلُ النَّاسِ فِيْهِم وَفِي إِسْلاَمِهِم، وَجَاءتْ أُمُّ تَمِيْمٍ كَاشِفَةً وَجْهَهَا، فَأَكَبَّتْ عَلَى مَالِكٍ، وَكَانَتْ أَجْمَلَ النَّاسِ. فَقَالَ لَهَا: إِلَيْكِ عَنِّي، فَقَدْ -وَاللهِ- قَتَلْتِنِي. فَأَمَرَ بِهِم خَالِدٌ، فَضُرِبَتْ أَعْنَاقُهُم، فَقَامَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ، فَنَاشَدَهُ فِيْهِم، فَلَمْ يَلْتَفِتْ إِلَيْهِ. فَرَكِبَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ فَرَسَهُ، وَلَحِقَ بِأَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَحَلَفَ: لاَ أَسِيْرُ فِي جَيْشٍ وَهُوَ تَحْتَ لِوَاءِ خَالِدٍ، وَقَالَ: تَرَكَ قَوْلِي، وَأَخَذَ بِشَهَادَةِ الأَعْرَابِ الَّذِيْنَ فَتَنَتْهُمُ الغَنَائِمُ (٤) .
(١) المدائني: هو علي بن محمد، الاخباري، ضعيف، وباقي رجاله ثقات. (٢) تحرفت في المطبوع إلى " لاشتم ". (٣) لا يصح لضعف سيف. وهو ابن عمر، الضبي، الاسيدي. قال عباس بن يحيى: ضعيف. وروى مطين عن يحيى: فلس خير منه. وقال أبو داود: ليس بشيء. وقال أبو حاتم: متروك. وقال ابن عدي: عامة حديثه منكر. ومات سيف في زمن الرشيد. (٤) إسناده كسابقه وهو في " أسد الغابة " ٢ / ١١١.

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