Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Hammad ibn Salamah reported: Abu Zilal narrated to us, saying, “I was with Anas when he asked me, ‘When did you lose your eye?’ I replied, ‘When I was still young.’ Anas continued, ‘Gabriel came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while Ibn Umm Maktum was present and asked him, “When did you lose your sight?” He answered, “When I was a boy.” Gabriel then said, “Allah—Exalted is He—has said: If I take from My servant his precious faculty, I give him no reward except Paradise. (1)”’

ʿA’ishah said, “Ibn Umm Maktum was a muezzin for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he was blind. (2)”

Hajjaj ibn Artaʿah transmitted—from a shaykh—from one of the Prophet’s muezzins—who said: “Bilal would give the call to prayer, and Ibn Umm Maktum would pronounce the iqamah; sometimes Ibn Umm Maktum called to prayer and Bilal gave the iqamah. (3)” Its chain of transmission is weak.

Ibn ʿUmar related that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Bilal calls to prayer during the night, so eat and drink until Ibn Umm Maktum makes the call.” Ibn Umm Maktum was blind; he would not begin until someone said to him, “Daybreak has come, daybreak has come. (4)”

ʿUrwah said: “The Prophet ﷺ was with some men of Quraysh—among them ʿUtbah ibn Rabiʿah—when Ibn Umm Maktum came asking about something, and the Prophet ﷺ turned away from him. Then the revelation came down: ‘He frowned and turned away, because—’”

(1) Reported by Ibn Saʿd, 4/1/151, and by al-Tirmidhi (no. 2402) in the Book of Zuhd, chapter “What has come concerning the loss of eyesight.” Al-Tirmidhi judged it ḥasan, even though Abu Zilal—Hilal b. Abi Hilal—is weak. Al-Bukhari also included it, 10/100, in “The Sick,” chapter “The merit of one whose sight has been taken,” through the chain: ʿAbd Allah b. Yusuf → al-Layth → Ibn al-Had → ʿUmar, client of al-Muttalib → Anas, who said: “I heard the Prophet say: ‘Allah, the Exalted, said: If I afflict My servant in his two beloved eyes and he remains patient, I will compensate him with Paradise.’” The same theme is narrated from Abu Umamah in Ahmad, 5/258. (2) Reported by Ibn Saʿd, 4/1/152. (3) Reported by Ibn Saʿd, 4/1/152. (4) Reported by Ahmad, 2/123; by al-Bukhari (no. 617) in the Book of Adhan, chapter “The adhan of a blind man when someone informs him,” and (no. 620) in the same book, chapter “The adhan after daybreak,” as well as nos. 1918, 2656, and 7248; and by Muslim (no. 1092) in the Book of Fasting, chapter “Clarifying that the fast begins with the appearance of dawn.” See also Ibn Saʿd, 4/1/152.
حَمَّادُ بنُ سَلَمَةَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو ظِلاَلٍ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَنَسٍ، فَقَالَ: مَتَى ذَهَبَتْ عَيْنُكَ؟ قُلْتُ: وَأَنَا صَغِيْرٌ. فَقَالَ: إِنَّ جِبْرِيْلَ أَتَى رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ وَعِنْدَهُ ابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُوْمٍ، فَقَالَ: (مَتَى ذَهَبَ بَصَرُكَ؟) . قَالَ: وَأَنَا غُلاَمٌ. فَقَالَ: قَالَ اللهُ -تَعَالَى-: (إِذَا أَخَذْتُ كَرِيْمَةَ عَبْدِي لَمْ أَجِدْ لَهُ جَزَاءً إِلاَّ الجَنَّةَ (١)) . قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: كَانَ ابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُوْمٍ مُؤَذِّناً لِرَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ أَعْمَى (٢) . وَرَوَى: حَجَّاجُ بنُ أَرْطَاةَ، عَنْ شَيْخٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ مُؤَذِّنِي رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: كَانَ بِلاَلٌ يُؤَذِّنُ، وَيُقِيْمُ ابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُوْمٍ، وَرُبَّمَا أَذَّنَ ابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُوْمٍ، وَأَقَامَ بِلاَلٌ (٣) . إِسْنَادُهُ وَاهٍ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: (إِنَّ بِلاَلاً يُؤَذِّنُ بِلَيْلٍ، فَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يُنَادِيَ ابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُوْمٍ) . وَكَانَ أَعْمَى، لاَ يُنَادِي حَتَّى يُقَالَ لَهُ: أَصْبَحْتَ أَصْبَحْتَ (٤) . قَالَ عُرْوَةُ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَعَ رِجَالٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، مِنْهُم عُتْبَةُ بنُ رَبِيْعَةَ، فَجَاءَ ابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُوْمٍ يَسْأَلُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ، فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ. فَأُنْزِلَتْ: ﴿عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّى، أَنْ
(١) أخرجه ابن سعد ٤ / ١ / ١٥١، والترمذي (٢٤٠٢) في الزهد: باب ما جاء في ذهاب البصر. وحسنه مع أن أبا ظلال، واسمه هلال بن أبي هلال، ضعيف، لكن أخرجه البخاري ١٠ / ١٠٠ في المرضى: باب فضل من ذهب بصره، من طريق، عبد الله بن يوسف، عن الليث، عن ابن الهاد، عن عمر مولى المطلب، عن أنس قال: سمعت النبي، ﷺ، يقول: " إن الله تعالى قال: إذا ابتليت عبدي بحبيبتيه فصبر عوضته منهما الجنة " وفي الباب عن أبي أمامة عند أحمد ٥ / ٢٥٨. (٢) أخرجه ابن سعد ٤ / ١ / ١٥٢. (٣) أخرجه ابن سعد ٤ / ١ / ١٥٢. (٤) أخرجه أحمد ٢ / ١٢٣، والبخاري (٦١٧) في الاذان، باب: أذان الاعمى إذا كان له من يخبره، و (٦٢٠) فيه: باب الاذان بعد الفجر، و (١٩١٨) و (٢٦٥٦) و (٧٢٤٨) ، ومسلم (١٠٩٢) في الصيام: باب بيان أن الدخول في الصوم يحصل بطلوع الفجر، وانظر ابن سعد ٤ / ١ / ١٥٢.

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