Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ - Shams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi - (1/361)

Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

and Abu Mahdhurah, the muezzin of Mecca.

He emigrated only a short while after the Battle of Badr, as Ibn Saʿd states.

The Prophet ﷺ held him in high regard and would leave him in charge of Medina, where he led those who remained behind in prayer.

Al-Shaʿbi said, “The Prophet ﷺ deputized ʿAmr ibn Umm Maktum to lead the people in prayer; he was blind (1), and that was—so he claimed—during the Expedition of Tabuk.”

The sounder report, however, is that on that occasion the Prophet ﷺ placed ʿAli ibn Abi Talib (2) in charge of Medina.

Qatadah said, “The Prophet ﷺ appointed Ibn Umm Maktum twice over Medina, and he was blind (3).”

Mujalid (4) narrated from al-Shaʿbi that the Prophet ﷺ left Ibn Umm Maktum in charge of Medina during the Expedition of Badr (5); this contradicts the preceding statement.

It is likewise contradicted by the report of Abu Ishaq, from al-Baraʾ, who said, “The first to arrive among us was Musʿab ibn ʿUmayr, and after him ʿAmr ibn Umm Maktum came.” They asked him, “What have those behind you done?” He replied, “They are right behind me.” (6)

Shuʿbah transmitted from Abu Ishaq that he heard al-Baraʾ say, “The first to come to us were Musʿab ibn ʿUmayr and Ibn Umm Maktum, and the two of them began teaching the people the Quran.” (7)

(1) Reported by Ibn Saʿd, vol. 4, part 1, p. 51. (2) This alludes to the hadith recorded by al-Bukhari (no. 4416) in the section on the expedition of Tabuk, narrated by Musab b. Saʿd from his father: when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ marched to Tabuk he left Ali in charge. Ali asked, “Will you leave me with the women and children?” The Prophet replied, “Are you not content to occupy, in relation to me, the position of Harun to Musa, except that no prophet will come after me?” (3) Ibn Saʿd transmits it as a mursal report (4 / 1 / 151), while Ahmad (3 / 132, 192) and Abu Dawud (no. 595 in the Book of Prayer, chapter on the blind man leading the prayer; and no. 2931 in the Book of Land Tax and Governance, chapter on appointing a blind man) record it with a continuous chain, all through Ibn Mahdi → Imran al-Qattan → Qatadah → Anas. (4) The narrator is Mujalid b. Saʿid b. ʿUmayr al-Hamdani. He is weak, his reliability declined in later life, and the printed text has erroneously read his name as “Mujahid.” (5) Reported by Ibn Saʿd, vol. 4, part 1, p. 151. (6) Reported by Ibn Saʿd, vol. 4, part 1, p. 151. (7) Reported by Ibn Saʿd, vol. 4, part 1, p. 151, and by al-Hakim, vol. 3, p. 634; its chain is sound.

مُؤَذِّنِ مَكَّةَ. هَاجَرَ بَعْدَ وَقْعَةِ بَدْرٍ بِيَسِيْرٍ. قَالَهُ ابْنُ سَعْدٍ. وَقَدْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَحْتَرِمُهُ، وَيَسْتَخْلِفُهُ عَلَى المَدِيْنَةِ، فَيُصَلِّي بِبَقَايَا النَّاسِ. قَالَ الشَّعْبِيُّ: اسْتَخْلَفَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَمْرَو بنَ أُمِّ مَكْتُوْمٍ، يَؤُمُّ النَّاسَ، وَكَانَ ضَرِيْراً (١) ، وَذَلِكَ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوْكٍ، كَذَا قَالَ. وَالمَحْفُوْظُ: أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ إِنَّمَا اسْتَعْمَلَ عَلَى المَدِيْنَةِ عَامَئِذٍ: عَلِيَّ بنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ (٢) . وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ: اسْتَخْلَفَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ابْنَ أُمِّ مَكْتُوْمٍ مَرَّتَيْنِ عَلَى المَدِيْنَةِ، وَكَانَ أَعْمَى (٣) . وَرَوَى: مُجَالِدٌ (٤) ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ: أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ اسْتَخْلَفَ ابْنَ أُمِّ مَكْتُوْمٍ عَلَى المَدِيْنَةِ فِي غَزْوَةِ بَدْرٍ (٥) ، فَهَذَا يُبْطِلُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ. وَيُبْطِلُهُ أَيْضاً: حَدِيْثُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ البَرَاءِ، قَالَ: أَوَّلُ مَنْ قَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا مُصْعَبُ بنُ عُمَيْرٍ، ثُمَّ أَتَانَا بَعْدَهُ عَمْرُو بنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُوْمٍ. فَقَالُوا لَهُ: مَا فَعَلَ مَنْ وَرَاءكَ؟ قَالَ: هُمْ أُوْلاَءِ عَلَى أَثَرِي (٦) . شُعْبَةُ: عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، سَمِعَ البَرَاءَ يَقُوْلُ: أَوَّلُ مَنْ قَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا مُصْعَبُ بنُ عُمَيْرٍ، وَابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُوْمٍ، فَجَعَلاَ يُقْرِئَانِ النَّاسَ القُرْآنَ (٧) .

(١) أخرجه ابن سعد ٤ / ١ / ٥١. (٢) يشير إلى الحديث الذي أخرجه البخاري (٤٤١٦) في المغازي، باب: غزوة تبوك، من حديث مصعب بن سعد عن أبيه " أن رسول الله، ﷺ، خرج إلى تبوك واستخلف عليا. قال: أتخلفني في الصبيان والنساء؟ قال: ألا ترضى أن تكون مني بمنزلة هارون من موسى، إلا أنه لا نبي بعدي ". (٣) أخرجه هكذا مرسلا ابن سعد ٤ / ١ / ١٥١ ووصله أحمد ٣ / ١٣٢، ١٩٢ وأبو داود (٥٩٥) في الصلاة: باب إمامة الاعمى و (٢٩٣١) في الخراج والامارة: باب في الضرير يولى، كلاهما من طريق ابن مهدي عن عمران القطان، عن قتادة، عن أنس. (٤) هو مجالد بن سعيد بن عمير الهمداني. ليس بالقوي، وقد تغير بأخرة، وقد تصحف في المطبوع إلى " مجاهد ". (٥) أخرجه ابن سعد ٤ / ١ / ١٥١. (٦) أخرجه ابن سعد ٤ / ١ / ١٥١. (٧) أخرجه ابن سعد ٤ / ١ / ١٥١، والحاكم ٣ / ٦٣٤ ورجاله ثقات.