Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Al-Awzaʿī narrated—on the authority of Yaḥyā ibn Abī Kathīr:
Each day the Prophet ﷺ would receive from Saʿd a platter of food that accompanied him wherever he went. Saʿd used to say, “O Allah, grant me wealth, for good deeds are not properly carried out without wealth.” (1)

Ahmad reported: Yazīd related to us, ʿAbbād ibn Manṣūr related to us, from ʿIkrimah, from Ibn ʿAbbās, who said:
When the verse, “And those who accuse chaste women …” (An-Nūr 24:4) was revealed, Saʿd—the leader of the Anṣār—said, “Was it sent down like this, O Messenger of Allah?” The Prophet ﷺ said, “People of the Anṣār, do you not hear what your chief is saying?” They replied, “Do not blame him, for he is a man of intense protective jealousy. By Allah, he has never married a woman except a virgin, and whenever he divorced a woman no one dared marry her.” Saʿd then said, “O Messenger of Allah! By Allah, I know it is the truth and that it is from Allah; yet I am amazed that were I to find some scoundrel with a woman—her thighs between his—I would not be permitted to strike or disturb him until I produced four witnesses, and I would not be able to bring them before he had satisfied his desire …” — and the narration continues. (2)

In the account of the Slander, ʿĀʾishah said:
Saʿd ibn ʿUbādah, the leader of the Khazraj, stood up—he had been a righteous man, but tribal zeal overtook him (3)—and declared, “Never, by Allah! You will not kill him, nor will you be able to do so.” (4)

(1) Weak because it is mursal (a link in the chain is missing). Yahya ibn Abi Kathir, although reliable, practiced tadlis and sometimes transmitted mursal reports. A parallel narration through Urwah will be cited on the next page; see it there. (2) Recorded by Ahmad 1/238; al-Tayalisi 1/319–320; and al-Tabari 18/82. The transmitter Abbad ibn Mansur is weak. A comparable version—without the context of revelation—is found in Muslim 1498 (16) in the chapter on liʿan, through Sulayman ibn Bilal > Suhayl > his father > Abu Hurayrah: Saʿd ibn ʿUbadah said, “Messenger of Allah, if I discovered a man with my wife I would not touch him until I brought four witnesses.” The Prophet replied, “Yes.” Saʿd insisted, “By Him who sent you with the truth, I would strike him with the sword before that!” The Prophet said, “Listen to what your companion says: he is very protective; I am more protective than he is, and Allah is more protective than I am.” (3) In the printed edition the word al-hamla was corrupted to al-hamlah, and taqtuluhu to naqbaluhu. (4) Part of a longer hadith transmitted by al-Bukhari: no. 4141 in the Book of Military Expeditions (the episode of the slander) and no. 4750 in the Book of Tafsir, under the verse, “Why, when you heard it, did you not say, ‘It is not for us to speak of this’?”
الأَوْزَاعِيُّ: عَنْ يَحْيَى بنِ أَبِي كَثِيْرٍ: كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِنْ سَعْدٍ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ جَفْنَةٌ تَدُوْرُ مَعَهُ حَيْثُ دَارَ. وَكَانَ سَعْدٌ يَقُوْلُ: اللَّهُمَّ ارْزُقْنِي مَالاً، فَلاَ تَصْلُحُ الفِعَالُ إِلاَّ بِالمَالِ (١) . أَحْمَدُ: حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيْدُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبَّادُ بنُ مَنْصُوْرٍ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ: ﴿وَالَّذِينَ يَرْمُوْنَ المُحْصَنَاتِ﴾ [النُّوْرُ: ١٤] قَالَ سَعْدٌ سَيِّدُ الأَنْصَارِ: هَكَذَا أُنْزِلَتْ يَا رَسُوْلَ اللهِ؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: (يَا مَعْشَرَ الأَنْصَارِ! أَلاَ تَسْمَعُوْنَ إِلَى مَا يَقُوْلُ سَيِّدُكُم؟) . قَالُوا: لاَ تَلُمْهُ، فَإِنَّهُ غَيُوْرٌ، وَاللهِ مَا تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً قَطُّ إِلاَّ بِكْراً، وَلاَ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَةً قَطُّ فَاجْتَرَأَ أَحَدٌ يَتَزَوَّجُهَا. فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ: يَا رَسُوْلَ اللهِ! وَاللهِ لأَعْلَمُ أَنَّهَا حَقٌّ، وَأَنَّهَا مِنَ اللهِ، وَلَكِنِّي قَدْ تَعَجَّبْتُ أَنْ لَوْ وَجَدْتُ لَكَاعٍ قَدْ تَفَخَّذَهَا رَجُلٌ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِي أَنْ أُهَيِّجَهُ وَلاَ أُحَرِّكَهُ حَتَّى آتِي بِأَرْبَعَةِ شُهَدَاءَ، فَلاَ آتِي بِهِمْ، حَتَّى يَقْضِيَ حَاجَتَهُ ... الحَدِيْثُ (٢) . وَفِي حَدِيْثِ الإِفْكِ: قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: فَقَامَ سَعْدُ بنُ عُبَادَةَ، وَهُوَ سَيِّدُ الخَزْرَجِ، وَكَانَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ رَجُلاً صَالِحاً، وَلَكِنِ احْتَمَلَتْهُ الحَمِيَّةُ (٣) ، فَقَالَ: كَلاَّ وَاللهِ، لاَ تَقْتُلُهُ، وَلاَ تَقْدِرُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ (٤) .
(١) ضعيف لارساله. يحيى بن أبي كثير، على ثقته يدلس، ويرسل. وسيأتي في الصفحة التالية عن عروة فانظره هناك. (٢) أخرجه أحمد ١ / ٢٣٨، والطيالسي ١ / ٣١٩ - ٣٢٠، والطبري ١٨ / ٨٢، وعباد بن منصور ضعيف. وأخرجه بنحوه، من طريق آخر، دون سبب النزول، مسلم (١٤٩٨) (١٦) في اللعان، من طريق سليمان بن بلال، عن سهيل، عن أبيه، عن أبي هريرة قال: قال سعد بن عبادة: يا رسول الله لو وجدت مع أهلي رجلا لم أمسه حتى آتي بأربعة شهداء؟ قال رسول الله، ﷺ: نعم. قال: كلا، والذي بعثك بالحق: إن كنت لاعاجله بالسيف قبل ذلك. قال رسول الله، ﷺ: " اسمعوا إلى ما يقول صاحبكم. إنه لغيور، وأنا غير منه، والله أغير مني ". (٣) تحرفت في المطبوع إلى " الحملة " و" تقتله " إلى " نقبله ". (٤) جزء من حديث أخرجه البخاري (٤١٤١) في المغازي: باب حديث الافك، و (٤٧٥٠) في التفسير: باب لولا إذ سمعتموه قلتم ما يكون لنا أن نتكلم بهذا.

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