Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ - Shams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi - (1/233)

Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

on a day of sweltering heat; no one in the company was fasting except the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and ʿAbd Allah ibn Rawāḥah. (1)

More than one transmitter related this report from Umm al-Dardāʾ, on his authority.

Maʿmar narrated from Thābit, from Ibn Abī Laylā, who said:
“A man married the widow of Ibn Rawāḥah and said to her, ‘Do you know why I married you? It was so that you could tell me how ʿAbd Allah conducted himself in his household.’ She told him certain things that I do not fully remember, except that she said, ‘Whenever he intended to leave the house he would pray two rakʿahs, and whenever he entered he would pray two rakʿahs; he never abandoned that practice at all.’” (2)

ʿUrwah said: When the verse was revealed, “And the poets are followed by the misguided” (Q 26:224), Ibn Rawāḥah said, “I am one of them.” Thereupon Allah revealed, “except those who believe and do righteous deeds” (Q 26:227). (3)

Ibn Sīrīn remarked, “The poets of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ were ʿAbd Allah ibn Rawāḥah, Ḥassān ibn Thābit, and Kaʿb ibn Mālik.”

It is said that when the Prophet ﷺ outfitted the three commanders for the expedition to Muʾtah, he declared, “The commander is Zayd…"

(1) Reported by al-Bukhari, no. 1945 (Book of Fasting, ch. 35) with the wording: “We set out with the Prophet, peace be upon him, on one of his journeys during a scorching day. A man would lift his hand to his head because of the intense heat, and none of us was fasting except the Prophet, peace be upon him, and Ibn Rawaha.” Also recorded by Muslim, no. 1122 (Book of Fasting: the chapter on the choice between fasting and breaking the fast while travelling and the chapters that follow), by Abu Dawud, no. 2409 (Book of Fasting: “Whoever preferred to fast”), and by Ibn Majah, no. 1663 (Book of Fasting: “Fasting while travelling”). (2) All the transmitters are trustworthy. Al-Hafiz in al-Isaba, 6/78–79, attributed the report to Ibn al-Mubarak’s Kitab al-Zuhd and judged its isnad sound. (3) Related by Ibn Saad, 3/2/81, through the chain Hammad b. Salama—Hisham b. Urwa—from his father; cited by al-Hafiz in al-Isaba, 6/79. Al-Suyuti, in al-Durr al-Manthur, 5/99, further cites it from Abd b. Humayd, Ibn Abi Hatim and Ibn Asakir. See also Ibn Hisham, 2/373.

الحَارِّ مَا فِي القَوْمِ أَحَدٌ صَائِمٌ إِلاَّ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بنُ رَوَاحَةَ (١) . رَوَاهُ: غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ، عَنْ أُمِّ الدَّرْدَاءِ، عَنْهُ. مَعْمَرٌ: عَنْ ثَابِتٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى، قَالَ: تَزَوَّجَ رَجُلٌ امْرَأَةَ ابْنِ رَوَاحَةَ، فَقَالَ لَهَا: تَدْرِيْنَ لِمَ تَزَوَّجْتُكِ؟ لِتُخْبِرِيْنِي عَنْ صَنِيْعِ عَبْدِ اللهِ فِي بَيْتِهِ. فَذَكَرَتْ لَهُ شَيْئاً لاَ أَحْفَظُهُ، غَيْرَ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: كَانَ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ، وَإِذَا دَخَلَ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ، لاَ يَدَعُ ذَلِكَ أَبَداً (٢) . قَالَ عُرْوَةُ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ: ﴿وَالشُّعَرَاءُ يَتَّبِعُهُمُ الغَاوُوْنَ﴾ ، قَالَ ابْنُ رَوَاحَةَ: أَنَا مِنْهُم. فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ: ﴿إِلاَّ الَّذِيْنَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ (٣) ﴾ . قَالَ ابْنُ سِيْرِيْنَ: كَانَ شُعَرَاءُ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ: عَبْدَ اللهِ بنَ رَوَاحَةَ، وَحَسَّانَ بنَ ثَابِتٍ، وَكَعْبَ بنَ مَالِكٍ. قِيْلَ: لَمَّا جَهَّزَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَى مُؤْتَةَ الأُمَرَاءَ الثَّلاَثَةَ، فَقَالَ: (الأَمِيْرُ زَيْدٌ،

(١) أخرجه البخاري (١٩٤٥) في الصوم، رقم الباب: ٣٥ ولفظه: عن أبي الدرداء قال: " خرجنا مع النبي، ﷺ، في بعض أسفاره، في يوم حار. حتى يضع الرجل يده على رأسه من شدة الحر، وما فينا صائم إلا ما كان من النبي، ﷺ، وابن رواحة ". ومسلم (١١٢٢) في الصيام: باب التخيير في الصوم والفطر في السفر، وما بعده. وأبو داود (٢٤٠٩) في الصوم: باب من اختار الصيام. وابن ماجه (١٦٦٣) في الصيام: باب ما جاء في الصوم في السفر. (٢) رجاله ثقات. ونسبه الحافظ في " الإصابة " ٦ / ٧٨ - ٧٩ إلى ابن المبارك في الزهد وصحح سنده. (٣) أخرجه ابن سعد ٣ / ٢ / ٨١ من طريق حماد بن سلمة، عن هشام بن عروة، عن أبيه، ونقله الحافظ في " الإصابة " ٦ / ٧٩. وزاد السيوطي نسبته في " الدر المنثور " ٥ / ٩٩ إلى عبد بن حميد، وابن أبي حاتم، وابن عساكر وانظر ابن هشام ٢ / ٣٧٣.