Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

It is reported that ʿUmar ibn al-Khattāb wrote to the army commanders:
“Do not place al-Barāʾ in command of any force, for he is a peril among perils, ever driving the men headlong.” (1)

We have also received word that on the day of the battle against Musaylimah the Liar, al-Barāʾ told his companions to raise him upon a shield, on the tips of their spears, and throw him over the wall into the Garden. He burst in upon the enemy, charged them, and fought until he opened the gate of the compound. On that day he suffered some eighty-odd wounds, and for that reason Khālid ibn al-Walīd stayed with him for a full month treating his injuries. (2)

It became famous that al-Barāʾ killed in single combat one hundred of the bravest warriors during his campaigns.

Maʿmar narrated from Ayyūb, from Ibn Sīrīn, who said:
During the siege of Tustar (3) al-Ashʿarī said to al-Barāʾ ibn Mālik, “We have found a tunnel that opens into the center of the city. Select a few men to enter it with you.”

Al-Barāʾ then said to Majzaʿah ibn Thawr, “Look for a youthful, hardy man from your clan and name him to me.”

Majzaʿah asked, “Why?”

He replied, “I need him for something.”

Majzaʿah said, “I myself am that man.”

(1) Al-Hakim, al-Mustadrak 3:291; Ibn Saʿd, al-Tabaqat 7/1:10; Ibn al-Athir, Usd al-ghabah 1:206; Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istiʿab 1:285. (2) Reported by Khalifah ibn Khayyat in his Tarikh, p. 109, through Bakr ibn Sulayman from Ibn Ishaq. Al-Hafiz (Ibn Hajar) cites it in al-Isabah 1:236, and Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr in al-Istiʿab 1:287, on the authority of Baqi ibn Makhlad from Khalifah; in both places “Ibn Ishaq” has been mistakenly written “Abi Ishaq,” and the name “Bakr” appears in al-Isabah as “Abi Bakr.” (3) The city in question was the largest in Khuzestan; it houses the tomb of al-Baraʾ ibn Malik. Renowned for its manufacture of garments and turbans, it was annexed by ʿUmar ibn al-Khattab to the lands of Basra because of its proximity. For the story of its conquest see: al-Tabari, Tarikh 4:77–89; Ibn al-Athir, al-Kamil fi al-tarikh 2:546 ff.; Ibn Kathir, al-Bidayah 7:85 ff.; al-Dhahabi, Tarikh al-Islam 2:29; Yaqut, Muʿjam al-buldan 1:29–31; Khalifah, Tarikh, p. 144.
قِيْلَ: كَتَبَ عُمَرُ بنُ الخَطَّابِ إِلَى أُمَرَاءِ الجَيْشِ: لاَ تَسْتَعْمِلُوا البَرَاءَ عَلَى جَيْشٍ، فَإِنَّهُ مَهْلَكَةٌ مِنَ المَهَالِكِ يَقْدَمُ بِهِم (١) . وَبَلَغَنَا أَنَّ البَرَاءَ يَوْمَ حَرْبِ مُسَيْلِمَةَ الكَذَّابِ أَمَرَ أَصْحَابَهُ أَنْ يَحْتَمِلُوْهُ عَلَى تُرْسٍ، عَلَى أَسِنَّةِ رِمَاحِهِم، وَيُلْقُوْهُ فِي الحَدِيْقَةِ. فَاقْتَحَمَ إِلَيْهِم، وَشَدَّ عَلَيْهِم، وَقَاتَلَ حَتَّى افْتَتَحَ بَابَ الحَدِيْقَةِ. فَجُرِحَ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِضْعَةً وَثَمَانِيْنَ جُرْحاً، وَلِذَلِكَ أَقَامَ خَالِدُ بنُ الوَلِيْدِ عَلَيْهِ شَهْراً يُدَاوِي جِرَاحَهُ (٢) . وَقَدِ اشْتُهِرَ أَنَّ البَرَاءَ قَتَلَ فِي حُرُوْبِهِ مَائَةَ نَفْسٍ مِنَ الشُّجْعَانِ مُبَارَزَةً. مَعْمَرٌ: عَنْ أَيُّوْبَ، عَنِ ابْنِ سِيْرِيْنَ، قَالَ: قَالَ الأَشْعَرِيُّ - يَعْنِي فِي حِصَارِ تُسْتَرَ (٣) - لِلْبَرَاءِ بنِ مَالِكٍ: إِنْ قَدْ دُلِلْنَا عَلَى سِرْبٍ يَخْرُجُ إِلَى وَسْطِ المَدِيْنَةِ، فَانْظُرْ نَفَراً يَدْخُلُوْنَ مَعَكَ فِيْهِ. فَقَالَ البَرَاءُ لِمَجْزَأَةَ بنِ ثَوْرٍ: انْظُرْ رَجُلاً مِنْ قَوْمِكَ طَرِيْفاً جَلْداً، فَسَمِّهِ لِي. قَالَ: وَلِمَ؟ قَالَ: لِحَاجَةٍ. قَالَ: فَإِنِّي أَنَا ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ.
(١) هو في " المستدرك " للحاكم ٣ / ٢٩١، وابن سعد ٧ / ١ / ١٠، و" أسد الغابة " ١ / ٢٠٦، و" الاستيعاب " ١ / ٢٨٥. (٢) أخرجه خليفة بن خياط في " تاريخه " ١٠٩ عن بكر بن سليمان، عن ابن إسحاق. وذكره الحافظ في " الإصابة " ١ / ٢٣٦، وابن عبد البر في " الاستيعاب " ١ / ٢٨٧ من طريق بقي بن مخلد، عن خليفة، وقد تحرف فيهما " ابن إسحاق " إلى " أبي إسحاق ". و" بكر " في " الإصابة " إلى " أبي بكر ". (٣) هي أعظم مدينة بخوزستان. فيها قبر البراء بن مالك. كانت مشهورة بصناعة الثياب والعمائم. وعند ما فتحت جعلها عمر بن الخطاب من أرض البصرة لقربها منها. وانظر خبر فتحها في الطبري ٤ / ٧٧ - ٨٩، و" الكامل " في التاريخ ٢ / ٥٤٦ وما بعدها، وابن كثير في " البداية " ٧ / ٨٥ وما بعدها. و" تاريخ الإسلام " للذهبي ٢ / ٢٩، و" معجم البلدان " ١ / ٢٩ - ٣١، و" تاريخ خليفة " ص: (١٤٤) .

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