Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ - Shams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi - (1/118)

Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Al-Layth ibn Saʿd said: The city of Jalulāʾ was taken in the year 19 AH; Saʿd ibn Abī Waqqāṣ was the one who opened it.

I remark: The Zoroastrians were cut down wholesale on the day of Jalulāʾ, and it is reported that the booty reached thirty million dirhams.

Abū Wāʾil said: Jalulāʾ was called “the Conquest of all Conquests.” (1)

Al-Zuhrī said: When ʿUthmān became caliph, he dismissed al-Mughīrah from Kūfa and put Saʿd in charge of the city.

Ḥuṣayn narrated—from ʿAmr ibn Maymūn—from ʿUmar—that when ʿUmar was struck down, he placed the affair of succession in the hands of six men as a shūrā (consultative council). He added, “Whoever they choose is the caliph after me; if the choice falls on Saʿd, well and good. If not, then let the caliph after me make use of him, for I did not remove him—meaning from Kūfa—because of any weakness or treachery.” (2)

Ibn ʿUlayyah related to us: Ayyūb narrated from Muḥammad, who said: I was informed that Saʿd said, “I do not claim that I have more right to the caliphate than I have to this very shirt. I have fought and I know the rules of jihād, yet I will not destroy myself if a man better than I is chosen. I shall not fight unless they bring me a sword that has two eyes and a tongue, so it can declare, ‘This one is a believer and that one is an unbeliever.’” (3)

(1) For the details of this battle, consult Muʿjam al-Buldan 2:156, al-Tabari, Ibn al-Athir’s al-Kamil, and Ibn Kathir’s al-Bidaya under the events of year 16 AH. (2) The report is recorded by al-Tabarani (no. 320) and in Ibn Hajar’s al-Isaba 4:163. (3) Its transmitters are reliable. It was also transmitted by Ibn Saʿd 3/1:101, Abu Nuʿaym, Hilyat al-Awliya 1:94, and al-Tabarani, al-Muʿjam al-Kabir (no. 322). Al-Haythami cites it in Majmaʿ al-Zawaʾid 7:299, noting: “Al-Tabarani relates it, and its narrators are those of the Sahih.”

وَقَالَ اللَّيْثُ بنُ سَعْدٍ: كَانَ فَتْحُ جَلُوْلاَءَ سَنَةَ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ، افْتَتَحَهَا سَعْدُ بنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ. قُلْتُ: قُتِلَ المَجُوْسُ يَوْمَ جَلُوْلاَءَ قَتْلاً ذَرِيْعاً، فَيُقَالُ: بَلَغَتِ الغَنِيْمَةُ ثَلاَثِيْنَ أَلْفَ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ. وَعَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، قَالَ: سُمِّيَتْ جَلُوْلاَءُ: فَتْحَ الفُتُوْحِ (١) . قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ: لَمَّا اسْتُخْلِفَ عُثْمَانُ عَزَلَ عَنِ الكُوْفَةِ المُغِيْرَةَ، وَأَمَّرَ عَلَيْهَا سَعْداً. وَرَوَى: حُصَيْنٌ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بنِ مَيْمُوْنٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ: أَنَّهُ لَمَّا أُصِيْبَ، جَعَلَ الأَمْرَ شُوْرَى فِي السِّتَّةِ. وَقَالَ: مَنِ اسْتَخْلَفُوْهُ فَهُوَ الخَلِيْفَةُ بَعْدِي، وَإِنْ أَصَابَتْ سَعْداً، وَإِلاَّ فَلْيَسْتَعِنْ بِهِ الخَلِيْفَةُ بَعْدِي، فَإِنَّنِي لَمْ أَنْزَعْهُ -يَعْنِي: عَنِ الكُوْفَةِ- مِنْ ضَعْفٍ وَلاَ خِيَانَةٍ (٢) . ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوْبُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، قَالَ: نُبِّئْتُ أَنَّ سَعْداً قَالَ: مَا أَزْعُمُ أَنِّي بِقَمِيْصِي هَذَا أَحَقُّ مِنِّي بِالخِلاَفَةِ، جَاهَدْتُ وَأَنَا أَعْرَفُ بِالجِهَادِ، وَلاَ أَبْخَعُ نَفْسِي إِنْ كَانَ رَجُلاً خَيْراً مِنِّي، لاَ أُقَاتِلُ حَتَّى يَأْتُوْنِي بِسَيْفٍ لَهُ عَيْنَانِ وَلِسَانٌ، فَيَقُوْلَ: هَذَا مُؤْمِنٌ، وَهَذَا كَافِرٌ (٣) .

(١) انظر خبر هذا المعركة في " معجم البلدان " ٢ / ١٥٦، والطبري، و" الكامل "، و" البداية " في حوادث سنة (١٦) للهجرة. (٢) هو في الطبراني (٣٢٠) ، و" الإصابة " ٤ / ١٦٣. (٣) رجاله ثقات. وأخرجه ابن سعد ٣ / ١ / ١٠١. وأبو نعيم في " حلية الأولياء " ١ / ٩٤. والطبراني في " الكبير " (٣٢٢) . وذكره الهيثمي في " المجمع " ٧ / ٢٩٩ وقال: رواه الطبراني، ورجاله رجال الصحيح.