Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

—carrying the letter with him, ascended the pulpit, read it aloud, and declared:
“People of Madinah! Abu ʿUbaydah is implicitly reproaching either you or me; therefore desire jihad.” (1)

Ibn Abī Fudayk narrated—through Hishām ibn Saʿd, from Zayd, from his father—who said:
“It reached me that Muʿādh heard a man remark, ‘Had Khālid ibn al-Walīd been here, the people would not be in such disarray.’ (2)
This took place during the siege that surrounded Abū ʿUbaydah. Muʿādh retorted, ‘May you be bereft of your father! Do you think a miracle must be forced to depend on Abū ʿUbaydah? By Allah, he is the finest man left upon the earth.’
Al-Bukhārī recorded it in his History, as did Ibn Saʿd. (3)

And in Ibn al-Mubārak’s al-Zuhd: Maʿmar narrated to us, from Hishām ibn ʿUrwah, from his father, who said:
“When ʿUmar arrived in Syria the commanders and dignitaries came out to receive him. He asked, ‘Where is my brother Abū ʿUbaydah?’
‘He will be with you presently,’ they replied.
Abū ʿUbaydah then appeared, riding a camel whose muzzle was tied with a rope. After greeting ʿUmar he said to the people, ‘Leave us.’
He walked on with ʿUmar until they reached his house, where ʿUmar alighted as his guest. Inside he saw nothing but a sword, a shield, and a saddle.
ʿUmar said to him, ‘If only you would acquire some household goods,’ or he said, ‘something.’
He replied, ‘O…’

(1) Its chain of transmission is sound and all its narrators are reliable. (2) al-duk (confusion, turmoil). One says: “The people fell into a duka (or duka),” meaning they became entangled in disorder, dispute, and evil. In the base manuscript we used, the word appears as “darkun,” a form unknown to the lexicons. Al-Bukhari’s version in al-Tarikh as-Saghir 1/58 reads: “ma kana an-nasu yudrikun,” yet the most probable correct reading is “yadukun.” The expression “bat an-nasu yadukun” means “the people spent the night in confusion and aimless wandering.” Likewise, the verb tadatawaka is used when people are hemmed in by war or misfortune. Ibn Saʿd (3/1/301) reports the wording “ma kana bil-baʾs dhawkun,” which is clearly a scribal error, although the editor of the printed edition retained it against the primary manuscript. Ibn ʿAsakir (1/307) records “ma kana bi-n-nasi dhawkun,” which is also most likely a corruption. Allah knows best. (3) Al-Bukhari, al-Tarikh as-Saghir, 1/58; Ibn Saʿd, 3/1/301.
بِكِتَابِهِ، فَقَرَأَهُ عَلَى المِنْبَرِ، فَقَالَ: يَا أَهْلَ المَدِيْنَةِ! إِنَّمَا يُعَرِّضُ بِكُم أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ أَوْ بِي، ارْغَبُوا فِي الجِهَادِ (١) . ابْنُ أَبِي فُدَيْكٍ: عَنْ هِشَامِ بنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيْهِ، قَالَ: بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ مُعَاذاً سَمِعَ رَجُلاً يَقُوْلُ: لَوْ كَانَ خَالدُ بنُ الوَلِيْدِ، مَا كَانَ بِالنَّاسِ دَوْكٍ (٢) . وَذَلِكَ فِي حَصْرِ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ، فَقَالَ مُعَاذٌ: فَإِلَى أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ تَضْطَرُّ المُعْجِزَةُ لاَ أَبَا لَكَ! وَاللهِ إِنَّهُ لَخَيْرُ مَنْ بَقِيَ عَلَى الأَرْضِ. رَوَاهُ: البُخَارِيُّ فِي (تَارِيْخِهِ) ، وَابْنُ سَعْدٍ (٣) . وَفِي (الزُّهْدِ) لابْنِ المُبَارَكِ: حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيْهِ، قَالَ: قَدِمَ عُمَرُ الشَّامَ، فَتَلَقَّاهُ الأُمَرَاءُ وَالعُظَمَاءُ. فَقَالَ: أَيْنَ أَخِي أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ؟ قَالُوا: يَأْتِيْكَ الآنَ. قَالَ: فَجَاءَ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ مَخْطُوْمَةٍ بِحَبْلٍ، فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلنَّاسِ: انْصَرِفُوا عَنَّا. فَسَارَ مَعَهُ حَتَّى أَتَى مَنْزِلَهُ، فَنَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ، فَلَمْ يَرَ فِي بَيْتِهِ إِلاَّ سَيْفَهُ وَتُرْسَهُ وَرَحْلَهُ. فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ: لَوِ اتَّخَذْتَ مَتَاعاً، أَوْ قَالَ: شَيْئاً. فَقَالَ: يَا
(١) إسناده قوي، ورجاله ثقات. (٢) الدوك: الاختلاط. يقال: وقع الناس في دوكة أو دوكة، أي: وقعوا في اختلاط من أمرهم وخصومة وشر. وفي الأصل الذي اعتمدناه " دركون " ولا معنى لها في كتب اللغة، ورواية البخاري في " التاريخ الصغير " ١ / ٥٨ " ما كان الناس يدركون " ويغلب على الظن أن الصواب " يدوكون " يقال: بات الناس يدوكون إذا باتوا في اختلاط ودوران. وتداوك القوم: إذا تضايقوا في حرب أو شر. وفي ابن سعد ٣ / ١ / ٣٠١ " ما كان بالبأس ذوكون " وهو تحريف. ومع ذلك فقد أثبته محقق المطبوع متجاوزا الأصل. وأما رواية ابن عساكر ١ / ٣٠٧ فهي " ما كان بالناس ذوكون " وغالب الظن أن ذلك تحريف أيضا. والله اعلم. (٣) البخاري في " التاريخ الصغير " ١ / ٥٨، وابن سعد ٣ / ١ / ٣٠١.

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