Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ - Shams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi - (23/193)

Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

of state: he directed the army, disbursed two hundred thousand dinars among the troops, brought Tūrānshāh to Egypt, and proclaimed him sultan. It is even said that Tūrānshāh contemplated having him killed.

(1) Just then the Franks advanced while the Muslim forces were still on the road. Fakhr al-Dīn mounted before dawn, sent word to the emirs to ride, and pressed on in pursuit. A squad of Templar horsemen suddenly fell upon him, charged, and his soldiers scattered. He was lanced and killed, and his own pages looted his money and horses, so that he vanished as though he had never been.

His cousin Saʿd al-Dīn relates: “The fog was thick; he was pierced through, a sword-stroke struck his face, and his jamdār (master of the wardrobe) and several others were slain with him. The Muslims withdrew, then struck the Franks, killing one thousand six hundred knights; the Franks thereupon dug trenches around themselves.”

He adds: “That very day Fakhr al-Dīn’s house was demolished, though only yesterday the retinues of seventy emirs had been drawn up at its gate.” (2)

He was killed on the fourth of Dhu’l-Qaʿdah, in the year 647 AH, at the age of sixty-five.

114 – al-Muʿaẓẓam Tūrānshāh ibn Ayyub ibn al-Kāmil ibn al-ʿĀdil
The sultan, the king, al-Muʿaẓẓam, Ghiyāth al-Dīn Tūrānshāh, son of the sultan al-Malik al-Ṣāliḥ Ayyub ibn al-Kāmil ibn al-ʿĀdil.

(1) See Sibt Ibn al-Jawzi, Mirat al-zaman, vol. 8, pp. 776–777. (2) Al-Sibt reports: “The emirs—more than seventy of them—who used to ride out every day to serve him and stand at his gate, each one hoping he might glance at him even briefly, tore his house down with their own hands. His corpse was carried from the Miqyas (Nilometer) to the Shafi‘i cemetery and buried beside his mother. It was a memorable day: he was borne aloft on people’s fingertips, the populace wept for him, and an elaborate mourning ceremony was held. He was, so it is said, thirty-six years old when he died.” (Mirat, 8/777) (*) Principal narrative sources: Sibt Ibn al-Jawzi, Mirat al-zaman, 8/781–783; Abu Shama, Dhayl al-Rawdatayn, p. 185; Ibn al-‘Ibri, Tarikh mukhtasar al-duwal, p. 260; Ibn Wasil, Mufarrij al-kurub (scattered pages in the printed edition); Ibn al-Futi, Talkhis Majma‘ al-adab, vol. 4, biography no. 1761; the chronicle al-Hawadith al-jamia (wrongly attributed to him), pp. 246–247; Abu al-Fida, al-Mukhtasar fi akhbar al-bashar, 3/181; Kanz al-durar—

الأُمُوْرِ، وَسَاسَ الجَيْشَ، وَأَنفقَ فِيهِم مائَتَيْ أَلْفِ دِيْنَارٍ، وَأَحضَرَه تُوْرَانْشَاه، وَسَلطَنَه. وَيُقَالُ: إِنْ تُوْرَانْشَاه هَمَّ بِقَتْلِهِ. اتَّفَقَ (١) حَركَةُ الفِرَنْجِ وَتَأَخُّرُ العَسَاكِرِ، فَرَكِبَ فَخْرُ الدِّيْنِ فِي السَّحَرِ، وَبَعَثَ خَلفَ الأُمَرَاءِ لِيَركَبُوا، فَسَاقَ فِي طَلَبِه، فَدَهَمَهُ طُلب الدَّوَايَّةِ، فَحَملُوا عَلَيْهِ، فَتفلَّلَ عَنْهُ أَجنَادُه، وَطُعنَ وَقُتِلَ، وَنَهبتْ غِلمَانُه أَمْوَالَه وَخَيلَه، فَرَاحَ كَأَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ سَعْدُ الدِّيْنِ: كَانَ الضَّبَابُ شَدِيداً، فَطُعنَ، وَجَاءتْه ضَربَةُ سَيْفٍ فِي وَجْهِهِ، وَقُتِلَ مَعَهُ جَمْدَارُه وَعِدَّةٌ، وَتَرَاجَعَ المُسْلِمُوْنَ، فَأَوقَعُوا بِالفِرَنْجِ، وَقَتَلُوا مِنْهُم أَلْفاً وَسِتَّ مائَةِ فَارِسٍ، ثُمَّ خَنْدَقَتِ الفِرَنْجُ عَلَى نُفُوْسِهِم. قَالَ: وَأُخربَتْ دَارُ فَخْرِ الدِّيْنِ لِيَوْمِهَا، وَبِالأَمسِ كَانَ يَصطفُّ عَلَى بَابِهَا عصَائِبُ سَبْعِيْنَ أَمِيْراً (٢) . قُتِلَ: فِي رَابِعِ ذِي القَعْدَةِ، سَنَةَ سَبْعٍ، وَلَهُ خَمْسٌ وَسِتُّوْنَ سَنَةً. ١١٤ - المُعَظَّمُ تُوْرَانْشَاه بنُ أَيُّوْبَ ابْنِ الكَامِلِ ابْنِ العَادِلِ * السُّلطَانُ، المَلِكُ، المُعَظَّمُ، غِيَاثُ الدِّيْنِ تُوْرَانْشَاه ابْنُ السُّلْطَانِ المَلِكِ الصَّالِحِ أَيُّوْبَ ابْنِ الكَامِلِ ابْنِ العَادِلِ.

(١) وانظر مرآة الزمان: ٨ / ٧٧٦ - ٧٧٧. (٢) قال السبط: " أخرجها الامراء الذين كانوا يركبون كل يوم إلى خدمته ويقفون على بابه، وهم أكثر من سبعين أميرا، كانوا يتمنون أن ينظر إلى أحد منهم فطرة، أخربوا داره بأيديهم، وحمل من المقياس إلى الشافعي فدفن عند والدته، وكان يوما مشهودا، وحمل على الاصابع، وبكى عليه الناس، وعمل له العزاء العظيم، وكان له يوم مات ست وثلاثون سنة (كذا) (مرآة ٨ / ٧٧٧) . (*) مرآة الزمان لسبط ابن الجوزي: ٨ / ٧٨١ - ٧٨٣، ذيل الروضتين لأبي شامة: ١٨٥ تاريخ مختصر الدول لابن العبري: ٢٦٠، مفرج الكروب لابن واصل (في صفحات متفرقة من المطبوع: تلخيص مجمع الآداب لابن الفوطي: ج ٤ الترجمة ١٧٦١، والحوادث الجامعة المنسوب إليه خطأ: ٢٤٦ - ٢٤٧، المختصر في أخبار البشر لأبي الفدا: ٣ / ١٨١، كنز الدرر =