Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

I add: He then lectured on philosophy and logic in Egypt at the Zāfirī Mosque, repeated those lessons beneath the Shāfiʿī Dome, and produced a number of works. Soon afterwards people rose against him, accused him of doctrinal laxity, and drew up a formal record to that effect.

Judge Ibn Khallikān (1) relates: “They set their signatures to a document that made his blood licit, so he slipped away in secret and took up residence in Ḥamāh.”

He went on to author books on the two fundamentals, on the ill-omened science of ḥikmah (2), on logic, and on juristic dispute. Among his writings are Abkār al-Afkār in kalām, Muntahā as-Sūl fī al-Uṣūl, and a work entitled Ṭarīqah on juristic disagreement; altogether he produced roughly twenty compositions.

Later he moved to Damascus, taught for a period at the ʿAzīziyya, but was dismissed from that chair on account of an accusation levelled against him, after which he remained idle in his home.

Ibn Khallikān added: “He died on 4 Ṣafar 631 AH, at the age of eighty.”

Sibṭ al-Jawzī (3) said: “In his day no one could rival him in the two fundamentals or in kalām. A tender heart and ready tears were evident in him. He lived first in Ḥamāh and later in Damascus.”

One of the curious anecdotes told about him is that a cat of his died in Ḥamāh; he buried it there, but after settling in Damascus he had its bones exhumed, placed in a pouch, and re-interred on Mount Qāsiūn.

He continued: “All the sons of al-ʿĀdil disliked him because he was famed for the sciences of the Ancients and for logic. When he entered the presence of al-Muʿaẓẓam, the ruler would not rise for him, so I said, ‘Stand up for him in my stead (4).’

“He replied, ‘My heart will not allow me.’ Yet in spite of that, al-Muʿaẓẓam appointed him to teach at the ʿAzīziyya; and when he died,”}

(The narrative breaks off here.)

(1) Wafayat al-ayan, vol. 3, pp. 293–294 (abridged). (2) The term “al-mashuʾuma” (ill-omened) is an interpolation by al-Dhahabi; Ibn Khallikan never wrote it. (3) Mirat al-zaman, vol. 8, p. 691. (4) The original statement of al-Sibt, which al-Dhahabi shortened, is: “Whenever he entered the presence of al-Muʿazzam, the hall became so crowded that no one would move for him. I felt embarrassed for al-Amidi, so one day I said to al-Muʿazzam: ‘Instead of standing for me, stand for al-Amidi.’”
قُلْتُ: ثُمَّ أَقرَأ الفَلْسَفَة وَالمَنْطِقَ بِمِصْرَ بِالجَامِعِ الظَّافرِيِّ، وَأَعَادَ بِقُبَّةِ الشَّافِعِيِّ، وَصَنَّفَ التَّصَانِيْفَ، ثُمَّ قَامُوا عَلَيْهِ، وَرَمَوْهُ بِالانْحِلاَلِ، وَكتبُوا مَحضراً بِذَلِكَ. قَالَ القَاضِي ابْنُ خَلِّكَانَ (١) : وَضَعُوا خُطُوطَهُم بِمَا يُسْتَباح بِهِ الدَّمُ، فَخَرَجَ مُستخفِياً، وَنَزَلَ حَمَاةَ. وَأَلَّف فِي الأَصْلَيْنِ، وَالحِكْمَةِ المشؤومَةِ (٢) ، وَالمَنْطِقِ، وَالخلاَفِ، وَلَهُ كِتَابُ (أَبكَارِ الأَفكَارِ) فِي الكَلاَمِ، وَ (مُنتهَى السُّولِ فِي الأُصُوْلِ) ، وَ (طرِيقَةٌ) فِي الخلاَفِ، وَلَهُ نَحْوٌ مِنْ عِشْرِيْنَ تَصنِيفاً. ثُمَّ تَحَوَّلَ إِلَى دِمَشْقَ، وَدرَّس بِالعَزِيْزِيَّةِ مُدَّة، ثُمَّ عُزِلَ عَنْهَا لِسَبَبٍ اتَّهُم فِيْهِ، وَأَقَامَ بَطَالاً فِي بَيْته. قَالَ: وَمَاتَ فِي رَابِعِ صَفَرٍ، سَنَةَ إِحْدَى وَثَلاَثِيْنَ وَسِتِّ مائَةٍ، وَلَهُ ثَمَانُوْنَ سَنَةً. وَقَالَ سِبْطُ الجَوْزِيِّ (٣) : لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي زَمَانِهِ مَنْ يُجَارِيه فِي الأَصْلَيْنِ وَعِلمِ الكَلاَمِ، وَكَانَ يَظهرُ مِنْهُ رِقَّةُ قَلْبٍ، وَسُرعَةُ دَمعَةٍ، أَقَامَ بِحَمَاةَ، ثُمَّ بِدِمَشْقَ. وَمِنْ عَجِيبِ مَا يُحَكَى عَنْهُ: أَنَّهُ مَاتَتْ لَهُ قِطَّةٌ بِحَمَاةَ، فَدَفَنَهَا، فَلَمَّا سَكَنَ دِمَشْقَ، بَعَثَ وَنَقَلَ عِظَامَهَا فِي كِيْسٍ، وَدفَنَهَا بقَاسِيُوْنَ. قَالَ: وَكَانَ أَوْلاَدُ العَادِلِ كَلُّهُم يَكْرَهُوْنَه؛ لِمَا اشْتُهِرَ عَنْهُ مِنْ عِلْمِ الأَوَائِلِ وَالمَنطِقِ، وَكَانَ يَدخُلُ عَلَى المُعَظَّمِ فَلاَ يَتَحَرَّكُ لَهُ، فَقُلْتُ: قُمْ لَهُ عِوضاً عَنِّي (٤) . فَقَالَ: مَا يَقبَلُه قَلْبِي. وَمَعَ ذَا وَلاَّهُ تَدرِيس العَزِيْزِيَّةِ، فَلَمَّا مَاتَ،
(١) وفيات الأعيان: ٣ / ٢٩٣ - ٢٩٤ باختصار. (٢) قوله " المشؤومة " من إضافات الذهبي، فابن خلكان لم يقلها! (٣) مرآة الزمان: ٨ / ٦٩١. (٤) أصل كلام السبط الذي اختصره الذهبي: " وكان إذا دخل على المعظم والمجلس غاص لا يتحرك له، فكنت أخجل من الآمدي حتى قلت للمعظم يوما: عوض ما تقوم لي قم للآمدي ".

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