Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ - Shams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi - (22/207)

Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

That year a sectarian riot erupted in Baghdad between the Rafidites and the Sunnis; many people were killed, and the combatants overran the inhabitants of al-Karkh.

Hostility and warfare likewise flared up among the Armenians, the Byzantines, and the Franks.

The Caliph(1) put to death his ustādh al-dār (master of the palace), Ibn al-Ṣāḥib, and appointed Quwām al-Dīn Yaḥyā ibn Zabādah in his place. Ibn al-Ṣāḥib left more than one million dinars in minted gold. He had been a harsh, profligate Rafidite(2). Jalāl al-Dīn ʿUbayd Allah ibn Yūnus, formerly a court witness (shāhid), was then raised to the vizierate.

During the same year the Seljuq sultan Ṭughril ibn Arslān ibn Ṭughril ordered that the royal palace be rebuilt for his residence and that the Friday sermon be delivered in his name. Al-Nāṣir, however, razed his palace and sent his envoy back without a reply(3). Ṭughril had long been a weak ruler among kings, but when al-Bahlawān died he gained power—and grew reckless.

In that year Jerusalem and other cities were conquered; the Frankish kings were shattered, routed, and taken prisoner(4). ʿImād al-Dīn records that six towns and strongholds were captured on six successive Fridays: Jabala5, Latakia6, Sahyūn7, al-Shughr, Bikās8, and Sarmāniyya9; after that the fortress of

(1) This event properly belongs to the year 583 AH; the author has confused it with 582 AH, and the same misdating affects the incidents that follow. (2) See al-Takmila, vol. 1, entry 15, together with our note thereon. (3) See Ibn al-Athir, al-Kamil, vol. 11, p. 560. (4) Imam al-Dhahabi considered this a momentous episode and allotted eight large folios to it in his Tarikh al-Kabir (folios 210–217, Aleppo MS). (5) Al-Fath al-Qussi, p. 233. (6) Ibid., p. 235. (7) Ibid., p. 241. (8) Ibid., p. 245. (9) Ibid., p. 247; the place-name also appears as “Sarminiyya” in Ibn al-Athir, Tarikh, vol. 12, p. 13.

وَفِيْهَا: جرتِ فِتْنَةٌ بِبَغْدَادَ بَيْنَ الرَّافِضَّةِ وَالسُّنَّةِ، قُتِلَ فِيْهَا خلقٌ كَثِيْرٌ، وَغلبُوا أَهْل الكَرْخِ. وَكَانَ الخُلْفُ وَالحَرْبُ بَيْنَ الأَرمنِ وَالرُّوْمِ وَالفِرَنْجِ. وَقَتَلَ (١) الخَلِيْفَةُ أُسْتَاذَ دَارِه ابْنَ الصَّاحِبِ، وَوَلِيَهَا قَوَامُ الدِّيْنِ يَحْيَى بنُ زَبَادَةَ، وَخلَّفَ ابْنُ الصَّاحبِ مِنَ الذّهبِ الْعين أَزْيدَ مِنْ أَلفِ أَلفِ دِيْنَارٍ، وَكَانَ عَسُوَفاً فَاجراً رَافِضِيّاً (٢) ، وَوزرَ جَلاَل الدِّيْنِ عُبَيْد اللهِ بن يُوْنُسَ، وَكَانَ شَاهِداً، فَارتقَى إِلَى الوزَارَةِ. وَفِيْهَا: بَعَثَ السُّلْطَانُ طُغْرِلُ بنُ أَرْسَلاَنَ بنِ طُغْرِلَ السَّلْجُوْقِيُّ أَنْ تُعَمَّرَ لَهُ دَارُ المَمْلَكَةِ ليَنْزِلَ بِهَا، وَأَنْ يُخْطَبَ لَهُ، فَهَدَّمَ النَّاصِرُ دَارَه، وَردَّ رَسُوْلَه بِلاَ جَوَابٍ (٣) ، وَكَانَ ملكاً مُسْتضعفاً مَعَ المُلُوْكِ، فَمَاتَ البَهْلَوَانُ، فَتمكّنَ، وَطَاشَ. وَفِيْهَا: فُتِحتِ القُدْسُ وَغَيْرُهَا، وَاندكَّتْ مُلُوْكُ الفِرَنْجِ، وَكُسرُوا وَأُسرُوا (٤) ، قَالَ العِمَادُ: فُتحتْ سِتُّ مَدَائِنَ وَقلاعٍ فِي سِتِّ جُمعٍ: جَبلَةُ (٥) ، وَاللاَّذِقِيَّةُ (٦) ، وَصهيونُ (٧) ، وَالشُّغْرُ، وَبكَاسُ (٨) وَسُرْمَانِيَّةُ (٩) ، ثُمَّ أُخِذَ حصن

(١) هذا في سنة ثلاث وثمانين وخمس مئة، وقد خلطها المؤلف بسنة ٥٨٢ فليحرر، وكذلك ما بعدها من الحوادث. (٢) انظر التكملة: ١ / الترجمة: ١٥ وتعليقنا عليها. (٣) أنظر الكامل لابن الأثير: ١١ / ٥٦٠. (٤) عني الامام الذهبي بهذا الحدث التاريخي العظيم فخصص له ثماني أوراق كبيرة من تاريخه الكبير (الورقة: ٢١٠ - ٢١٧ حلب) . (٥) الفتح القسي: ٢٣٣. (٦) نفسه: ٢٣٥. (٧) نفسه: ٢٤١. (٨) نفسه: ٢٤٥. (٩) نفسه: ٢٤٧ ويقال فيها: " سرمينية " كما في تاريخ ابن الأثير: ١٢ / ١٣.