Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

and Saʿīd ibn Ḥadīdah al-Anṣārī of Baghdad, as well as Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Aḥmad ibn Habal, the physician Muḥadhdhab al-Dīn.

17 – ʿAyn al-Shams, daughter of Aḥmad ibn Abī al-Faraj, Umm al-Nūr al-Thaqafiyyah al-Iṣbahāniyyah, the chief musnidah (hadith authority) of her time.
She was personally present in the year 524 AH (1) to hear Ismāʿīl ibn al-Ikhshīd, and she heard the “Part of Abū al-Shaykh” from Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Dharr al-Ṣāliḥānī, becoming thereafter the sole living transmitter from each of them.

She was devout and chaste, descended from a family noted for narration and sound isnāds.
Among those who received traditions from her were al-Ḍiyāʾ Muḥammad, al-Zakī al-Barzalī, al-Taqī Ibn al-ʿIzz, and several others (2).
By written authorization ­– ijāzah – she was also narrated from by al-Shams ʿAbd al-Wāsiʿ al-Abharī, al-Fakhr ʿAlī, al-Shams Ibn al-Zayn, and a number of others.

She lived to be ninety years old and died in mid-Rabīʿ al-Ākhir, 610 AH.

ʿAbd al-Wāsiʿ informed me, on the authority of ʿAyn al-Shams, that Ibn Abī Dharr told us in 526 AH; Ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm told us; Abū Bakr al-Qabbāb told us; Abū Bakr Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Hārūn al-Ashʿarī told us; ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad al-Qādisī in ʿUkbarā told us; Muḥammad ibn Ḥammād told us, from Muqātil ibn Sulaymān – a fabricated report.

Among the works she heard directly from Ibn Abī Dharr was the book Kitāb al-Diyāt (Blood Money) by Ibn Abī ʿĀṣim,

(*) Sources: al-Mundhiri, Takmila, vol. 2, bio. 1288; al-Dhahabi, Tarikh al-Islam, 18/1/403; al-Dhahabi, al-Ibar, 5/36; Ibn Taghribirdi, al-Nujum al-Zahira, 6/209; Ibn al-Imad, Shadharat al-Dhahab, 5/42. (1) “…and five hundred.” (2) Tarikh al-Islam adds: “and most of the itinerant scholars.”
سَعِيْد بن حَدِيْدَةَ الأَنْصَارِيّ البَغْدَادِيّ، وَأَبُو الحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بنُ أَحْمَدَ بنِ هَبَل الطَّبِيْب مُهَذَّب الدِّيْنِ. ١٧ - عَيْنُ الشَّمْسِ بِنْتُ أَحْمَدَ بنِ أَبِي الفَرَجِ أُمُّ النُّوْرِ الثَّقَفِيَّةُ * الأَصْبَهَانِيَّةُ، مُسْنِدَةُ وَقْتِهَا. سَمِعَتْ حُضُوْراً فِي سَنَةِ أَرْبَعٍ وَعِشْرِيْنَ (١) مِنْ إِسْمَاعِيْلَ بنِ الإِخْشِيْذِ، وَسَمِعَتْ (جُزْءَ أَبِي الشَّيْخِ) مِنْ مُحَمَّدِ بنِ عَلِيِّ بنِ أَبِي ذَرٍّ الصَّالِحَانِيّ، وَتَفرّدت فِي الدُّنْيَا عَنْهُمَا. وَكَانَتْ صَالِحَة، عفِيفَة، مِنْ بَيْت الرِّوَايَة وَالإِسْنَاد. حَدَّثَ عَنْهَا: الضِّيَاء مُحَمَّد، وَالزَّكِيّ البِرْزَالِيّ، وَالتَّقِيّ ابْن العِزّ، وَعِدَّة (٢) . وَبِالإِجَازَةِ: الشَّمْس عَبْد الوَاسِع الأَبْهَرِيّ، وَالفَخْر عَلِيّ، وَالشَّمْس ابْن الزَّيْنِ، وَطَائِفَة، وَعَاشَتْ تِسْعِيْنَ عَاماً. تُوُفِّيَت: فِي نِصْفِ رَبِيْعٍ الآخِرِ، سَنَةَ عَشْرٍ وَسِتِّ مائَةٍ. أَنْبَأَنِي عَبْدُ الوَاسِعِ، عَنْ عَيْنِ الشَّمْسِ، أَخْبَرْنَا ابْنُ أَبِي ذَرٍّ سَنَةَ ٥٢٦، أَخْبَرْنَا ابْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحِيْمِ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ القَبَّابُ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بنُ الحَسَنِ بنِ هَارُوْنَ الأَشْعَرِيّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بنُ مُحَمَّدٍ القَادِسِيّ بِعُكْبَرَا، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بنُ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بنِ سُلَيْمَانَ، بِخَبَرٍ مَوْضُوْعٍ. وَمِنْ سَمَاعهَا عَلَى ابْنِ أَبِي ذَرٍّ كِتَاب (الدِّيَاتِ) لابْنِ أَبِي عَاصِمٍ،
(*) التكملة للمنذري: ٢ / الترجمة: ١٢٨٨، وتاريخ الإسلام: ١٨ / ١ / ٤٠٣، والعبر ٥ / ٣٦، والنجوم الزاهرة: ٦ / ٢٠٩، وشذرات الذهب: ٥ / ٤٢. (١) وخمس مئة. (٢) بل قال في تاريخ الإسلام: " وعامة الرحالة ".

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