the year twenty-two⦗1⦘.

A number of scholars narrated from him, and he was the earliest shaykh whom the devout Ibn al-Anmaṭī ever met.

He died in 585 AH.

Their father, Shaykh Abū al-Qāsim, was the last person to transmit—by authorization—from al-Habbāl⦗2⦘, and their grandfather had been one of al-Silafī’s teachers. Thus, they belonged to a household renowned for learning and transmission.

108 – Sultan-Shāh Maḥmūd ibn Arslān ibn Atsiz al-Khwarizmī *

He was the ruler of Marw: Maḥmūd, son of Khwarizm-Shāh Arslān ibn Atsiz ibn Muḥammad ibn Nūshtikīn al-Khwarizmī, and the brother of Sultan ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Khwarizm-Shāh Tekish.

He assumed power after his father in 548 AH, and thereafter was embroiled in wars and grave trials.

His brother—whom their father had already placed over part of Khurāsān—gathered forces, advanced, and fought him; the two were like matched race-horses in prudence, resolve, courage, and judgment.

Maḥmūd was present at more than one pitched battle, sought the help of the Khitāʾ, and captured several cities. Tekish, however, took Maḥmūd’s mother captive, slaughtered her, and seized their father’s treasuries.