Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

He studied under Ibn ʿAqīl and Ibn al-Zāghūnī, and he heard hadith from Ibn Mallah. For a time he applied himself to study, led the prayers in the mosque where he resided, engaged in debate, and issued legal opinions.

Ibn al-Jawzī (1) said: “From his slips of the tongue one can sense the unsoundness of his creed. He was undisciplined and inclined toward the philosophers. He once said to me, ‘I am now contending with the falak al-aflak (2).’”

Judge Abū Yaʿlā the Younger told me: “Ever since Ṣadaqah copied Ibn Sīnā’s The Healing, he has changed.”

He said to al-Ẓahīr the Ḥanafī: “I actually rejoice in my stumbling, for the Maker is aiming at me.”

He died in Rabīʿ al-Ākhir 573 AH, in his early eighties.

He used to beg although he had no need (3), and he left three hundred dinars.

Repulsive dreams are transmitted about him—may Allah protect us from wretchedness.

(1) Al-Muntazam, vol. 10, p. 276. (2) This is how the phrase appears in the base manuscript. In the copy of Al-Muntazam by Ibn al-Jawzi, from which the author is quoting, it reads: “I only dispute with one who is above the celestial sphere,” whereas in Tarikh al-Islam it is: “I am now disputing above the celestial sphere.” (3) Ibn Rajab reports from Ibn al-Najjar: “He copied many books in his own hand across the various sciences; his livelihood came from the fee he received for this copying. He never asked anyone for anything, nor did he take up residence in a madrasa. He spent most of his life of little means, with frustrated ambitions, a troubled existence and persistent poverty … At times he would confide his situation to a trusted friend, but someone with an agenda would then publicize it, claiming, ‘He objects to divine decree,’ and would impute to him matters whose reality God alone knows.” (Dhayl, 1/339-340). It seems to us that Ibn al-Jawzi disparaged him at length in his history, and not all of it was warranted. Abu al-Hasan al-Qati‘i, as cited by the hadith scholar Ibn Rajab, said: “There was deep mutual estrangement between him and Ibn al-Jawzi, and each said about the other statements whose truth God knows.” (Dhayl, 1/340). Conversely, the Baghdadi hadith scholar al-Muhibb Ibn al-Najjar praised him in his Chronicle, saying: “He produced fine works on the principles of religion, and he compiled an annalistic history that he began with the death of his teacher Ibn al-Zaghuni in 527/1133, appending it to his teacher’s chronicle. He continued writing in it until shortly before his own death, recording events and obituaries.” (Dhayl, 1/339). This history by Sadaqa was one of Ibn al-Dhibithi’s primary sources for his own continuation to the continuation of Ibn al-Samʿani; see the Introduction to Ibn al-Dhibithi’s Dhayl Tarikh Madinat al-Salam, 1/40.
وَأَخَذَ عَنِ: ابْن عَقِيْلٍ، وَابْن الزَّاغُوْنِيِّ، وَسَمِعَ مِنِ: ابْن مَلَّةَ، وَاشْتَغَلَ مُدَّة، وَأَمَّ بِمسجد كَانَ يَسكنُه، وَنَاظر، وَأَفتَى. قَالَ ابْنُ الجَوْزِيِّ (١) : يظْهر مِنْ فَلتَات لِسَانه مَا يَدلّ عَلَى سوء عَقِيدَته، وَكَانَ لاَ يَنضبط، وَلَهُ مَيْلٌ إِلَى الفَلاَسِفَة، قَالَ لِي مرَّةً: أَنَا الآنَ أُخَاصِم فَلَكَ الْفلك (٢) . وَقَالَ لِي القَاضِي أَبُو يَعْلَى الصَّغِيْر: مُذْ كتب صَدَقَةُ (الشِّفَاءَ) لابْن سِيْنَا تَغَيَّر. وَقَالَ لِلظَّهِيْرِ الحَنَفِيِّ: إِنِّيْ لأَفرح بِتعثيرِي؛ لأَنَّ الصَّانع يَقصدنِي. مَاتَ: فِي رَبِيْعٍ الآخِرِ، سَنَةَ ثَلاَثٍ وَسَبْعِيْنَ وَخَمْسِ مائَةٍ، وَهُوَ فِي عَشْرِ الثَّمَانِيْنَ. وَكَانَ يَطلب مِنْ غَيْرِ حَاجَة (٣) ، وَخَلَّفَ ثَلاَث مائَة دِيْنَارٍ. وَرويت لَهُ مَنَامَات نَجسَة -أَعَاذَنَا الله مِنَ الشقَاوَة-.
(١) (المنتظم) ١٠ / ٢٧٦. (٢) كذا وردت في الأصل، وفي (المنتظم) لابن الجوزي الذي ينقل عنه: (أنا لا اخاصم إلا من فوق الفلك) وفي (تاريخ الإسلام) : (انا اخاصم الآن فوق الفلك) . (٣) نقل ابن رجب عن ابن النجار قوله: (وقد نسخ بخطه كثيرا للناس من سائر الفنون، وكان قوته من أجرة نسخه، ولم يطلب من أحد شيئا، ولا سكن مدرسة، ولم يزل قليل الحظ، منكسر الاغراض، متنغص العيش، مقترا عليه أكثر عمره..فكان ربما شكا حاله لمن يأنس به، فيشنع عليه من له فيه غرض، ويقول: هو يعترض على الاقدار، وينسبه إلى اشياء الله أعلم بحقيقتها) (الذيل: ١ / ٣٤٠ ٣٣٩) ، ويظهر لنا ان ابن الجوزي قد حط عليه في تاريخه حطا بليغا لم يكن كله من الحق، قال ابو الحسن القطيعي في ما نقل عنه الحافظ ابن رجب: (كان بينه وبين ابن الجوزي مباينة شديدة، وكل واحد يقول في صاحبه مقالة الله اعلم بها) (الذيل: ١ / ٣٤٠) وقد أثنى عليه محدث بغداد المحب ابن النجار في تاريخه، وقال: (وله مصنفات حسنة في أصول الدين، وقد جمع تاريخا على السنين بدأ فيه وقت وفاة شيخه ابن الزاغوني سنة سبع وعشرين وخمس مئة، مذيلا به على تاريخ شيخه، ولم يزل يكتب فيه إلى قريب من وقت وفاته، يذكر فيه الحوادث والوفيات) (الذيل: ١ / ٣٣٩) وتاريخ صدقة هذا من مصادر ابن الدبيثي الرئيسة في تاريخه الذي ذيل به على ذيل ابن السمعاني، (انظر مقدمة (ذيل تاريخ مدينة السلام) لابن الدبيثي: ١ / ٤٠) .

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