Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ - Shams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi - (21/53)

Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

and he also narrated from Qadi al-Bimaristan (1).
He died in Dhu al-Hijjah, 573 AH.

10 – The ruler of Yemen, the august king Shams al-Dawlah Turanshah ibn Ayyub
He was the brother of Sultan Salah al-Din and older than him; hence the sultan respected him and deferred to him.
In 568 AH Salah al-Din equipped him for a campaign against Nubia, from which he returned laden with considerable spoils. He next dispatched him to Yemen, where Turanshah defeated the usurper ʿAbd al-Nabi, killed him, and seized control of most of the country. Turanshah was a valiant, courageous, generous, and much-praised warrior.

He soon tired of residing in Yemen, for it did not suit him. He therefore appointed a deputy there and, toward the end of 571 AH, came north and served as viceroy in Damascus. In 574 AH he moved on to Egypt. His death occurred in Alexandria in Safar 576 AH. His body was transported in a coffin to Damascus and interred in the Shāmiyya Madrasa beside his full sister.

The name Turanshah means “King of the East.”

Alexandria was his land grant (iqṭāʿ). His governors in Yemen would send him revenues from Zabid and Aden, yet he kept nothing in reserve. He was given to games, illicit pleasures, and oppressive conduct.

= He also produced an abbreviated version of al-Hariri’s Maqamat and compiled, year by year, a two-volume chronicle containing the accounts of the early generations, noteworthy events and ruling dynasties (folio 50 of the manuscript cited). It is therefore likely that he later issued the Akhbar al-awail (Accounts of the Ancients) as an independent book. (1) That is Muhammad ibn Abd al-Baqi al-Ansari, who died in 535/1140. (*) The name may also be written separately as Turan Shah. Biographical notices on him appear, among others, in: Sibt Ibn al-Jawzi, 8/362; Ibn Khallikan, 1/306; al-Khazraji, al-Uqud al-luʼluʼiyya, 1/26; al-Dhahabi, Tarikh al-Islam, fol. 64 (Ahmad III 2917/14) and al-Ibar, 4/228; al-Arshi, Bulugh al-maram, 41; and elsewhere.

وَحَدَّثَ عَنْ: قَاضِي المَارستَانِ (١) . مَاتَ: فِي ذِي الحِجَّةِ، سَنَةَ ثَلاَثٍ وَسَبْعِيْنَ وَخَمْسِ مائَةٍ. ١٠ - صَاحِبُ اليَمَنِ المَلِكُ المُعَظَّمُ شَمْسُ الدَّوْلَةِ تُوْرَانْشَاه بنُ أَيُّوْبَ أَخُو السُّلْطَانِ صَلاَحِ الدِّيْنِ، هُوَ أَسَنُّ مِنَ السُّلْطَانِ، فَكَانَ يَحترِمُهُ وَيَرَى لَهُ. جهّزه فِي سَنَةِ ثَمَانٍ وَسِتِّيْنَ إِلَى بلاَد النُّوْبَة، فَرَجَعَ بغَنَائِم كَثِيْرَة، ثُمَّ بعثَه عَلَى اليَمَنِ، فَظَفِرَ بِعَبْدِ النَّبِيّ المتغلِّب عَلَيْهَا، وَقتله، وَاسْتَوْلَى عَلَى مُعْظَم اليَمَن، وَكَانَ بَطَلاً شُجَاعاً جَوَاداً مُمَدَّحاً. ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ ملَّ مِنْ سكنَى اليَمَن، وَلَمْ تُوَافقه، فَاستنَاب عَلَيْهَا، وَقَدِمَ فِي آخِرِ سَنَةِ إِحْدَى وَسَبْعِيْنَ، فَعمل نِيَابَة السّلطنَة بِدِمَشْقَ، ثُمَّ تَحَوَّلَ إِلَى مِصْرَ فِي عَام أَرْبَعَة وَسَبْعِيْنَ، وَاتفق مَوْته بِالإِسْكَنْدَرِيَّة فِي صَفَرٍ، سَنَة سِتٍّ وَسَبْعِيْنَ، فَنقل فِي تَابوت إِلَى دِمَشْقَ، وَدُفِنَ بِالمَدْرَسَة الشَّامِيّة عِنْد أُخْته شَقِيقَته. وَمَعْنَى تُوْرَانْشَاه: مَلِك الشَّرْق. وَكَانَتِ الإِسْكَنْدَرِيَّة لَهُ إِقطَاعاً، وَكَانَ نوَابه بِاليمَنِ يَحملُوْنَ إِلَيْهِ الأَمْوَال مِنْ زَبَيْد وَعدن، وَكَانَ لاَ يَدّخر شَيْئاً، وَفِيْهِ لَعِب وَلذَّة محظورَة وَعُسْفٌ.

= لمقامات الحريري مختصرا، وجمع تاريخا على السنين فيه أخبار الاوائل والحوادث والدول في مجلدين) (الورقة: ٥٠ من النسخة المذكورة) فلعله أفرد أخبار الاوائل في كتاب مستقل. (١) يعني محمد بن عبدا لباقي الأنصاري المتوفى ٥٣٥. (*) وتكتب أيضا (توران شاه) منفصلة، وقد ترجم له غير واحد من الذين أرخو العصره منهم: سبط ابن الجوزي: ٨ / ٣٦٢، وابن خلكان: ١ / ٣٠٦، والخزرجي في العقود اللؤلؤية: ١ / ٢٦ والذهبي في تاريخ الإسلام الورقة ٦٤ (أحمد الثالث ٢٩١٧ / ١٤) والعبر: ٤ / ٢٢٨، والعرشي في بلوغ المرام: ٤١، وغيرهم.