Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

ʿAbd al-Qādir the ḥadith master said: “Abu Ṭāhir never showed the slightest rudeness to anyone. When he sat to transmit ḥadith he would not drink water, spit, sit in the posture of tawarruk (leaning back on one side), or even let a foot protrude, although he was already past one hundred years of age.

I was informed that the Sultan of Egypt once attended his session to listen; the Sultan began talking with his brother, whereupon al-Silafī rebuked them both, saying, ‘What is this? We are reading ḥadith and the two of you are chatting?!’

I was also told that during the whole period of his stay in Alexandria (1) he never left the city for a garden or an outing except once. He remained attached to his madrasa; whenever we entered upon him we virtually always found him poring over something. He was mild-mannered and bore patiently the roughness of strangers.

He left Baghdad in the year 500 AH for Wāsiṭ and Basra, then entered Khūzistān, the lands of Sīs, and Nahāvand. From there he proceeded to Darband, the last frontier of the Muslim realm, then returned to Tbilisi and the region of Azerbaijan, journeyed on to Diyār Bakr, came back through the Jazīra, Nisibis, and Maksīn, and finally went up to Damascus.

When he reached Alexandria its notables and men of learning saw him, admired his knowledge, character, and manners, honored him, served him, and remained devoted to him through their kindness.

A companion of mine related to me, from Ibn Shāfiʿ (2), who said, ‘Al-Silafī is the shaykh of the scholars.’

I also heard one of the distinguished men of Hamadān say, ‘Al-Silafī is the most memorizing of the ḥuffāẓ.’

Al-ḥāfiẓ Abū al-Qāsim Ibn ʿAsākir said, in his biographical notice of al-Silafī: ‘He narrated…’

(1) Al-Dhahabi adds in Tarikh al-Islam: “and she was sixty-four years old” (folio 63, Istanbul MS Ahmed III 2917/14). (2) This refers to Ahmad b. Salih b. Shafiʿ b. Salih, originally from Jil and later of Baghdad, who died in 565 AH/1170 CE. He composed an annalistic chronicle that opens with the year of Abu Bakr al-Khatib al-Baghdadi’s death (463 AH) and extends beyond 560 AH. Regarded as an exceptionally accurate and meticulous transmitter, he is discussed in Ibn al-Dubaythi, Dhayl Tarikh Madinat al-Salam, vol. 4, no. 711 (ed. Bashar), and in Ibn Rajab, al-Dhayl, 1/311.
قَالَ عَبْدُ القَادِرِ الحَافِظُ: وَكَانَ أَبُو طَاهِرٍ لاَ تَبدو مِنْهُ جفوَة لأَحدٍ، وَيَجْلِس لِلْحَدِيْثِ فَلاَ يَشرب مَاء، وَلاَ يَبزق، وَلاَ يَتورك، وَلاَ تَبدو لَهُ قَدمٌ، وَقَدْ جَاز المائَة. بَلَغَنِي أَن سُلْطَان مِصْر حضَر عِنْدَهُ لِلسَمَاع، فَجَعَلَ يَتحدّث مَعَ أَخِيْهِ، فَزَبَرَهُمَا، وَقَالَ: أَيش هَذَا؟ نَحْنُ نَقرَأُ الحَدِيْث، وَأَنْتُمَا تَتَحَدَّثَان؟! وَبَلَغَنِي أَن مُدَّة مُقَامه بِالإِسْكَنْدَرِيَّة (١) مَا خَرَجَ مِنْهَا إِلَى بُستَانٍ وَلاَ فُرجَة سِوَى مرَّة وَاحِدَة، بَلْ كَانَ لاَزماً مَدْرَسَته، وَمَا كُنَّا نَكَاد نَدْخُل عَلَيْهِ إِلاَّ وَنرَاهُ مطَالعاً فِي شَيْءٍ، وَكَانَ حليماً متحمّلاً لجفَاء الغربَاء. خَرَجَ مِنْ بَغْدَادَ سَنَة خَمْس مائَة إلَى وَاسِط وَالبَصْرَة، وَدَخَلَ خُوْزِسْتَان وَبلاَد السِّيس وَنَهَاوَنْد، ثُمَّ مَضَى إِلَى الدَّرْبَنْد، وَهُوَ آخِرُ بلاَد الإِسْلاَم، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى تَفلَيْسَ وَبلاَد أَذْرَبِيْجَان، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى دِيَار بَكْرٍ، وَعَاد إِلَى الجَزِيْرَة وَنَصِيْبِيْن وَمَاكِسِيْنَ، ثُمَّ صعد إِلَى دِمَشْقَ. وَلَمَّا دَخَلَ الإِسْكَنْدَرِيَّة رَآهُ كبرَاؤهَا وَفضلاؤهَا، فَاسْتحسنُوا عِلْمه وَأَخلاَقه وَآدَابه، فَأَكرمُوْهُ، وَخدمُوْهُ، حَتَّى لزمُوْهُ عِنْدَهُم بِالإِحسَان. وَحَدَّثَنِي رفِيق لِي، عَنِ ابْن شَافِعٍ (٢) ، قَالَ: السِّلَفِيّ شَيْخ العُلَمَاء. وَسَمِعْتُ بَعْضَ فُضلاَء هَمَذَانَ يَقُوْلُ: السِّلَفِيّ أَحْفَظ الحُفَّاظ. قَالَ الحَافِظُ أَبُو القَاسِمِ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ فِي تَرْجَمَة السِّلَفِيّ: حَدَّثَ
(١) زاد في (تاريخ الإسلام) : (وهي أربع وستون سنة) (الورقة: ٦٣ - أحمد الثالث ٢٩١٧ / ١٤) . (٢) هو أحمد بن صالح بن شافع بن صالح الجيلي الأصل البغدادي المتوفى سنة ٥٦٥، صنف تاريخا على السنين، بدأ فيه بالسنة التي توفي فيها أبو بكر الخطيب البغدادي وهي سنة ٤٦٣، ووصل به إلى بعد الستين وخمس مئة، وكان من الرواة المتقنين الضابطين المحققين، راجع ابن الدبيثي: (ذيل تاريخ مدينة السلام) م: ٤ الترجمة ٧١١ من تحقيق الدكتور بشار، وابن رجب: (الذيل) ١ / ٣١١.

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