Then, when Khālid and his comrades reached the moat, they tossed their ropes up to the battlements while the water-skins with which they had swum the moat were still strapped to their backs. Al-Qaʿqāʿ and Madhʿūr climbed first; every rope they planted they fixed firmly to the parapets. That sector was the strongest part of Damascus, yet a number of his men soon stood atop the wall and pronounced the takbīr. Khālid made his way down to the gate, killed the gatekeepers, and opened it for his men, who burst in by force.
The Muslims had previously invited the Damascenes to make peace and to share the city’s revenues, but they had refused. Now, seeing the disaster that had overtaken them, the inhabitants offered terms. The Muslims facing that side accepted, saying, “Enter and shield us from the people of the other gate.” Thus each gate was entered on the basis of whatever treaty had been concluded by the force opposite it. Khālid and the other commanders met in the centre of the city—his contingent pillaging after a storm-ing entry, theirs bound by a peace accord. In the end they placed Khālid’s sector under the same peace agreement, to be divided equally, and he wrote to ʿUmar announcing the conquest.
ʿUmar then wrote to Abū ʿUbaydah, instructing him to dispatch a force to Iraq to reinforce Saʿd ibn Abī Waqqāṣ. Abū ʿUbaydah furnished him with ten thousand troops under the command of Hāshim ibn ʿUtbah. Yazīd ibn Abī Sufyān remained in Damascus with part of the Yemeni reinforcements; he sent Dihyah ibn Khalīfah al-Kalbī with cavalry to Palmyra and Abū al-Azhar to Bathaniyyah and Ḥawrān, both of whom secured peace there. Another detachment advanced to Beisān and likewise concluded a treaty.
During that same year, according to the reports that have reached us, Saʿd ibn Abī Waqqāṣ was in charge of collecting the alms-tax from the Hawāzin. ʿUmar wrote to him, telling him to select men of good judgment and proven courage—anyone who owned weapons or a mount. Saʿd replied, “I have chosen a thousand horsemen for you.” When he arrived, ʿUmar appointed him commander of the war in Iraq and equipped him with four thousand fighters. Some of those men, however, insisted on marching to Syria instead, so ʿUmar sent them to Syria.