Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Ibn al-Athir relates that he entrusted authority to Ismaʿil and bequeathed Baʿlabakk to his son Muhammad.

It was also said that he was extraordinary in jihad, never tiring of campaigning against the Franks; had he commanded a large army, he would have annihilated them (1).

329 – Shams al-Muluk Ismaʿil ibn Buri ibn Tughtikin, the Turk

The lord of Damascus, Shams al-Muluk Ismaʿil ibn Buri, son of the atabeg Tughtikin the Turk, assumed power after his father in Rajab 526 AH. He was a gallant, courageous champion, energetic and bold like his forebears, yet a harsh and overbearing tyrant.

He recovered Baniyas from the Franks in just two days; the Ismaʿilis had sold the fortress to them seven years earlier. He set their lands ablaze and trod them underfoot in humiliation. Marching on, he besieged his brother in Baʿlabakk, then invested Hama—which belonged to the atabeg Zangi—and took it when he heard that the caliph al-Mustarshid was besieging Mosul. He confiscated the wealth of the rich and of the fiscal departments, oppressing and acting with arrogance. Later he changed tack and wrote to the atabeg Zangi, offering to hand Damascus over to him. His mother Zumurrud and the leading amirs grew fearful, so his mother arranged for his murder, for he had threatened her when she advised him against the killings. Even the Franks feared him, for he had routed them, attacked them by night, launched raids into their lands, and tripped them up,

(1) Ibn al-Athir writes in al-Kamil, 10 / 680: “Buri took part in many campaigns, was brave and forward-moving; he filled his father’s place and even surpassed him. Most poets devoted panegyrics to him, especially Ibn al-Khayyat.” (*) Principal sources: al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, 11:20–21; Ibn al-Qalanisi, Tarikh Dimashq, pp. 387–390; al-Dhahabi, Tarikh al-Islam, 4:280/2–281/1; al-Ibar, 4:77–78; Tammat al-Mukhtasar, 2:62; Sibt Ibn al-Jawzi, Mirat al-Zaman, 8:93; Ibn Kathir, al-Bidaya wa-l-Nihaya, 12:204; Ibn Taghribirdi, al-Nujum al-Zahira, 5:255–256; Ibn Imad, Shadharat al-Dhahab, 4:90; Muntakhabat al-Tawarikh, p. 447; Tahdhib Tarikh Dimashq, 3:18.
قَالَ ابْنُ الأَثِيْرِ: وَصَّى بِالأَمْرِ لإِسْمَاعِيْلَ، وَوصَّى بِبَعْلَبَكَّ لاِبْنِهِ مُحَمَّدٍ. وَقِيْلَ: كَانَ عَجَباً فِي الجِهَادِ، لاَ يَفْتُرُ مِنْ غَزوِ الفِرَنْج، وَلَوْ كَانَ لَهُ عَسْكَرٌ كَثِيْر لاستَأْصلَ الفِرَنْج (١) . ٣٢٩ - شَمْسُ المُلُوْك إِسْمَاعِيْلُ بنُ بُورِي بنِ طُغْتِكِين التُّركِيُّ صَاحِبُ دِمَشْق، شَمْسُ المُلُوْكِ، إِسْمَاعِيْلُ بنُ بُورِي ابْن الأَتَابَك طُغْتِكِين التُّركِي. تَملَّك بَعْدَ أَبِيْهِ فِي رَجَب، سَنَةَ سِتٍّ وَعِشْرِيْنَ، وَكَانَ بَطَلاً شُجَاعاً، شَهْماً مِقْدَاماً كآبَائِهِ، لَكنَّه جَبَّارٌ عَسُوْف. استنقذَ بَانِيَاس مِنَ الفِرَنْج فِي يَوْمَيْن، وَكَانَتِ الإِسْمَاعِيْليَّةُ بَاعوهَا لَهُم مِنْ سَبْع سِنِيْنَ، وَسَعَّرَ بلادَهم، وَأَوطَأَهُم ذُلاًّ، ثُمَّ سَارَ، فَحَاصَر أَخَاهُ بِبَعْلَبَكَّ، وَنَازل حَمَاة، وَهِيَ لِلأَتَابك زنكِي، وَأَخَذَهَا لَمَّا سَمِعَ بِأَنَّ المُسْترشد يُحَاصِرُ المَوْصِل، وَصَادَرَ الأَغنِيَاءَ وَالدَّوَاوِيْن، وَظَلَمَ وَعتَا، ثُمَّ بدَا لَهُ، فَكَاتَبَ الأَتَابَك زنكِي لِيسلم إِلَيْهِ دِمَشْق، فَخَافته أُمُّه زُمُرُّد وَالأُمَرَاء، فَهيَّأَت أُمُّهُ مَنْ قَتَلَهُ، لأَنَّه تَهدَّدهَا لَمَّا نَصَحته بِالقتل، وَكَانَتِ الفِرَنْجُ تخَافُه لمَا هزمهُم، وَبَيَّتهُم، وَشنَّ الغَارَة عَلَى بلادِهِم، وَعثَّرهُم،
(١) وقال ابن الأثير في " الكامل ": ١٠ / ٦٨٠: وكان بوري كثير الجهاد، شجاعا مقداما، سد مسد أبيه، وفاق عليه، وكان ممدحا أكثر الشعراء مدائحه لا سيما ابن الخياط. (*) الكامل في التاريخ: ١١ / ٢٠ - ٢١، تاريخ دمشق لابن القلانسي ٣٨٧ - ٣٩٠، تاريخ الإسلام: ٤: ٢٨٠ / ٢ - ٢٨١ / ١، العبر: ٤ / ٧٧ - ٧٨، تتمة المختصر: ٢ / ٦٢، مرآة الزمان: ٨ / ٩٣، البداية والنهاية: ١٢ / ٢٠٤، النجوم الزاهرة: ٥ / ٢٥٥ - ٢٥٦، شذرات الذهب: ٤ / ٩٠، منتخبات التواريخ: ٤٤٧، تهذيب تاريخ دمشق: ٣ / ١٨.

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