and, by ijāza, Abū Tāhir al-Khushūʿī and others.

He also penned a treatise on the prohibition of music, a book on asceticism, marginal notes on points of legal disagreement, a monograph on innovations and newly-introduced practices, a work on dutifulness to parents (1), a refutation of the Jews, The Pillars of Legal Theory, and several other writings.

Ibn ʿAllān related to us, from al-Khushūʿī, from al-Turtūshī:

He composed this epistle in reply to a man from al-Andalus who had asked about the true state of the author of the Ihyāʾ. Accordingly he wrote to ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muẓaffar:

“Peace be upon you. I have met Abū Ḥāmid, spoken with him, and found him a man of ample understanding and sound intellect, practiced in the sciences—and that was his condition for most of his life. Then he departed from the path of the scholars and mingled with the common folk. After that he adopted Sufism, abandoned the sciences and their people, and immersed himself in the ‘sciences’ of inward promptings, the claims of those who speak of hearts, and the whisperings of Satan. He later reviled them and began attacking the jurists with the doctrines of the philosophers and the cryptic allusions of al-Ḥallāj. He set himself against both the jurists and the theologians, and he very nearly slipped out of the religion.”

The ḥāfiẓ Abū Muḥammad said: This Muḥammad ibn al-Walīd is mentioned elsewhere