Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Ibn Nāṣir said, “I saw him but never took transmission from him, for he was suspected of fabrication. His Forty Ḥadith collection he stole from Zayd ibn Rifāʿah (1)—and Zayd himself had concocted it and was a liar. He blended words that the Prophet ﷺ had genuinely spoken with sentences taken from Luqmān, the sages, and others, then inflated the reports at length.

Al-Silafī said, “Ibn Wadaʿān produced his own book—so he claimed—on the basis of Zayd ibn Rifāʿah’s work after some of Zayd’s ḥadīths that came through his teachers reached him. He erred by failing to state this in the preface; and if anything else might conceivably be excused, this would be graver and more far-reaching, for it is unimaginable that a man of his standing, with so meagre a body of narration and such slight study, could have obtained every ḥadīth in the collection from the very transmitters he names.”

Al-Silafī also said, “We have been informed that he died in Muḥarram of the year 494 AH in Mosul.”

91 – al-Khushnamī, Abū ʿAlī Naṣr Allāh ibn Aḥmad ibn ʿUthmān
The shaykh, the scholar, the long-lived elder, the righteous and truthful Abū ʿAlī Naṣr Allāh ibn Aḥmad ibn ʿUthmān al-Khushnamī of Nīshāpūr.

He studied with Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Sulamī, Qāḍī Abū Bakr al-Ḥīrī, ʿAlī ibn Aḥmad ibn ʿAbdān, and Abū Saʿīd Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Ṣayrafī, and he became the musnid of his time. His audition from al-Sulamī was in person. Abū Saʿd al-Samʿānī recorded his birth in Ramaḍān of the year 409 AH and said, “He is trustworthy and righteous; a great many people narrated from him,” and he died.

(1) Al-Mizan, 2/103: Zayd ibn Rafaʿah al-Hashimi, known as Abu al-Khayr, is notorious for inventing hadiths tinged with philosophical ideas; he studied under Ibn Durayd and Ibn al-Anbari. Al-Khatib declares him a liar. (*) Sources: fol. 93a; al-Ansab, 5/131; al-Taqyid, fols. 214b–215a; al-Lubab, 1/447; al-Ibar, 3/352; Uyoon al-Tawarikh, 13/139–140; Shadharat al-Dhahab, 3/409.
وَقَالَ ابْنُ نَاصر: رَأَيْتُهُ وَلَمْ أَسْمَعْ مِنْهُ، لأَنَّه كَانَ مُتَّهماً بِالكَذِبِ، وَكِتَابُه فِي (الأَرْبَعِيْنَ) سَرَقَهُ مِنْ زَيْدِ بنِ رِفَاعَةَ (١) ، وَزَيْدٌ وَضَعه أَيْضاً، وَكَانَ كَذَّاباً، أَلَّفَ بَيْنَ كَلِمَاتٍ قَدْ قَالَهَا النَّبِيّ ﷺ وَبَيْنَ كَلِمَاتٍ مِنْ كَلاَمِ لُقْمَان وَالحُكَمَاء وَغَيْرِهِم، وَطَوَّلَ الأَحَادِيْثَ. وَقَالَ السِّلَفِيّ: كَانَ ابْنُ وَدْعَان خَرَّجَ عَلَى كِتَاب زَيْد بن رِفَاعَةَ كِتَابهُ - بِزَعْمِهِ - حِيْنَ وَقعت لَهُ أَحَادِيْثُهُ عَنْ شُيوخه، فَقَدْ أَخْطَأَ، إِذْ لَمْ يُبَيِّنْ ذَلِكَ فِي الخطبَة، وَإِن جَاز سِوَى ذَلِكَ، فَأَطمُّ وَأَعمُّ، إِذْ غَيْرُ مُتَصَوَّرٍ لِمِثله مَعَ نَزَارَةِ رِوَايَته، وَقِلَّةِ طلبه، أَنْ يَقع لَهُ كُلُّ حَدِيْث فِيْهِ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ مَنْ أَوْرَدَه عَنْهُ. وَقَالَ السِّلَفِيّ أَيْضاً: بَلَغَنَا أَنَّهُ تُوُفِّيَ فِي المُحَرَّمِ، سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ وَتِسْعِيْنَ وَأَرْبَعِ مائَةٍ، بِالمَوْصِلِ. ٩١ - الخُشْنَامِيُّ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ نَصْرُ اللهِ بنُ أَحْمَدَ بنِ عُثْمَانَ * الشَّيْخُ، العَالِمُ، المُعَمَّرُ، الصَّالِحُ، الصَّادِقُ، أَبُو عَلِيٍّ نَصْرُ اللهِ بنُ أَحْمَدَ بنِ عُثْمَانَ الخُشْنَامِيُّ، النَّيْسَابُوْرِيّ. سَمِعَ: أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيَّ، وَالقَاضِي أَبَا بَكْرٍ الحِيْرِيّ، وَعَلِيَّ بن أَحْمَدَ بنِ عَبْدَانَ، وَأَبَا سَعِيْدٍ مُحَمَّد بن مُوْسَى الصَّيْرَفِيّ، وَصَارَ مُسْنِدَ وَقته، وَرِوَايَتُهُ عَنِ السُّلَمِيّ حُضُوْر، فَإِنَّ أَبَا سَعْد السَّمْعَانِيّ وَرَّخ مَوْلِدَهُ فِي رَمَضَانَ، سَنَةَ تِسْعٍ وَأَرْبَعِ مائَة، وَقَالَ: هُوَ ثِقَةٌ صَالِحٌ، رَوَى عَنْهُ خلقٌ، وَمَاتَ
(١) في " الميزان ": ٢ / ١٠٣: زيد بن رفاعة الهاشمي أبو الخير معروف بوضع الحديث على فلسفة فيه، أخذ عن ابن دريد، وابن الأنباري، قال الخطيب: كذاب. (*) السياق: الورقة / ٩٣ أ، الأنساب: ٥ / ١٣١، التقييد: الورقة / ٢١٤ ب - ٢١٥ أ، اللباب: ١ / ٤٤٧، العبر: ٣ / ٣٥٢، عيون التواريخ: ١٣ / ١٣٩ - ١٤٠، شذرات الذهب: ٣ / ٤٠٩.

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