Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

He said: It is reported that he met al-Khiḍr—peace be upon him—twice (1). On more than one occasion he would address the audience purely by what came to his heart, just as Abū al-Ḥasan ibn al-Qazwīnī the ascetic used to do in Baghdad. Sultan Tutush (2) venerated him, for a spiritual unveiling had taken place between them … until he said:

He was a champion of our creed, wholly dedicated to propagating it, and he produced works on jurisprudence, preaching, and uṣūl.

I say: He died in Dhū al-Ḥijjah, 486 AH, and was buried in the Bāb al-Ṣaghīr cemetery; his grave is well known, visited, and people supplicate there.

He was the father of the eminent Imām, the dignitary Sharaf al-Islām ʿAbd al-Wahhāb (3) ibn Abī al-Faraj al-Ḥanbalī of Damascus, the founder of the Ḥanbalī madrasah (4) located behind the Great Mosque of Damascus opposite al-Ruwāḥiyyah (5). Sharaf al-Islām was a greatly honored notable who was dispatched by the ruler of Damascus to the Caliphate, and he died a little after 540 AH.

This Sharaf al-Islām is the grandfather of the Imām, the jurist-consult, the Shaykh of the Ḥanbalīs:

(1) This inference presupposes that al-Khidr is still alive, an opinion that is unfounded. The great majority of scholars have explicitly declared him dead, as reported by Abu Hayyan in al-Bahr al-Muhit and cited by al-Hafiz in al-Isaba; among them are Ibrahim al-Harbi, Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak, al-Bukhari, Abu Tahir ibn al-Abbadi, Abu al-Fadl ibn Nasir, Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi, Ibn al-Jawzi, and others. (2) His biography will appear under no. 46. (3) His biography will appear in volume 20, no. 63. (4) The Sharifiyya Madrasa, located near the old Qibaqibiyya market, was founded by Sharaf al-Islam Abd al-Wahhab; see Mukhtasar Tanbih al-Talib and Irshad al-Dariss, p. 124. (5) This Shafi i madrasa adjoins the Umayyad Mosque at its eastern gate. It was built by Zaki al-Din Abu al-Qasim, the trader known as Ibn Rawaha (d. 622/1225). Among its distinguished teachers were Ibn al-Salah, Baha al-Din al-Subki, al-Kamal ibn al-Zamalkani, Safi al-Din al-Armawi, and Shams al-Din al-Maqdisi. See al-Dariss, pp. 1, 21, 32, 39, 130, 135, 268; and Mukhtasar Tanbih al-Talib, pp. 43–45.
قَالَ: وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّهُ اجْتَمَع بِالخَضِرِ ﵇ مَرَّتين (١) ، وَكَانَ يَتَكَلَّم فِي عِدَّةِ أَوقَات عَلَى الخوَاطر، كَمَا كَانَ يَتَكَلَّم بِبَغْدَادَ أَبُو الحَسَنِ بنُ القَزْوِيْنِيّ الزَّاهِد، وَكَانَ الْملك تُتُشُ (٢) يُعظِّمه، لأَنَّه تَمَّ لَهُ مُكَاشفَةٌ مَعَهُ ... إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ: وَكَانَ نَاصراً لاعتقَادنَا، مُتَجَرِّداً فِي نَشره، وَلَهُ تَصَانِيْفُ فِي الفِقْه وَالوَعْظ وَالأُصُوْل. قُلْتُ: تُوُفِّيَ فِي ذِي الحِجَّةِ، سَنَةَ سِتٍّ وَثَمَانِيْنَ وَأَرْبَعِ مائَةٍ، وَدُفِنَ بِمَقْبَرَة بَاب الصَّغِيْر، وَقَبرُهُ مَشْهُوْر يُزَار، وَيُدعَى عِنْدَهُ. وَهُوَ وَالِدُ الإِمَام الرَّئِيْس شرف الإِسْلاَم عَبْد الوَهَّابِ (٣) بن أَبِي الفَرَجِ الحَنْبَلِيّ الدِّمَشْقِيّ، وَاقف المدرسَة الحَنْبَليَة (٤) الَّتِي وَرَاء جَامِع دِمَشْق بِحِذَاء الرَّوَاحِيَة (٥) ، وَكَانَ صَدراً مُعَظَّماً يُرسَل عَنْ صَاحِب دِمَشْق إِلَى الخِلاَفَة، وَتُوُفِّيَ سَنَةَ نَيِّفٍ وَأَرْبَعِيْنَ وَخَمْسِ مائَةٍ. وَشَرَفُ الإِسْلاَمِ هَذَا هُوَ جَدُّ الإِمَامِ المُفْتِي شَيْخِ الحِنَابلَةِ:
(١) وهذا مبني على أن الخضر حي لم يمت بعد، وهو قول مؤوف لا يصح، فقد صرح بموته جمهور أهل العلم فيما نقله أبو حيان في " البحر المحيط " وذكر الحافظ في " الإصابة " منهم إبراهيم الحربي، وعبد الله بن المبارك، والبخاري، وأبا طاهر بن العبادي، وأبا الفضل بن ناصر، وأبا بكر بن العربي، وابن الجوزي، وغيرهم. (٢) ستأتي ترجمته برقم (٤٦) . (٣) ستأتي ترجمته في الجزء العشرين رقم ٦٣. (٤) هي المدرسة الشريفية عند القباقبية العتيقة، أنشأها شرف الإسلام عبد الوهاب، انظر مختصر تنبيه الطالب، وإرشاد الدارس ص: ١٢٤. (٥) هي مدرسة للشافعية لصيقة بالجامع الأموي من جهة بابه الشرقي، وبانيها هو زكي الدين أبو القاسم التاجر المعروف بابن رواحة، المتوفى سنة ٦٢٢ هـ، ولي التدريس فيها نخبة ممتازة من أهل العلم والفضل كابن الصلاح، وبهاء الدين السبكي، والكمال بن الزملكاني، وصفي الدين الارموي، وشمس الدين المقدسي. انظر " الدارس " ص: ١، ٢١، ٣٢، ٣٩، ١٣٠، ١٣٥، ٢٦٨، و" مختصر تنبيه الطالب " ص ٤٣ - ٤٥.

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