Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ - Shams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi - (راشدون/17)

Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

of his covenant with the Hereafter as he enters it, at a moment when the disbeliever will believe, the sinner will be sure, and the liar will speak the truth:
“I have appointed over you after me ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb; so listen to him and obey. I have spared no effort, for Allah, His Messenger, His religion, my own soul, and for you, in seeking what is good. If he acts with justice, that is what I expect of him and know of him; but if he should change, every soul is accountable for what it has earned. I meant nothing but good, and I do not know the unseen.
‘And the wrongdoers will soon know the fate to which they will return.’ (26:227)”

Some narrators of the report said: When ʿUthmān finished writing the document, Abū Bakr lost consciousness, so ʿUthmān, on his own, wrote in the name of ʿUmar. When Abū Bakr came to, he said, “Read to me what you have written.” He read it, and when he mentioned “ʿUmar,” Abū Bakr proclaimed “Allāhu akbar!” then said, “I see you feared discord might arise if my soul were to depart. May Allah reward you well on behalf of Islam; by Allah, you were equal to the task.”

ʿAlwān ibn Dāwūd al-Bajalī narrated from Ḥumayd ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, from Ṣāliḥ ibn Kaysān, from Ḥumayd ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAwf, from his father—while al-Layth ibn Saʿd narrated it from ʿAlwān directly from Ṣāliḥ himself—who said:
“I entered upon Abū Bakr to visit him during his illness. I greeted him and asked, ‘How are you this morning?’ He replied, ‘Praise be to Allah, recovering. As you can see, I am in pain, yet you have burdened me with something on top of my pain: I have established a covenant for you after me and have chosen for you the one I consider the best among you, but each of you has flared his nostrils at this, hoping the affair would be his.’

Then he said, ‘Truly, I do not feel sorrow for anything except three things I did, three things I did not do, and three things I wish I had asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about. I wish I had never entered Fāṭimah’s house but had left it shut, even if they had barred it for conflict; I wish…’

عهده بالآخرة داخلا فيها، حيث يؤمن الكافر، ويوقن الفاجر، ويصدق الكاذب إني استخلفت عليكم بعدي عمر بن الخطاب فاسمعوا له وأطيعوا، وإني لم آل الله ورسوله ودينه ونفسي وإياكم خيرا، فإن عدل فذلك ظني به وعلمي فه، وإن بدل فلكل امرئ ما اكتسب، والخير أردت ولا أعلم الغيب ﴿وَسَيَعْلَمُ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا أَيَّ مُنْقَلَبٍ يَنْقَلِبُون﴾ [الشعراء: ٢٢٧] . وقال بعضهم في الحديث: لما أن كتب عثمان الكتاب أغمي على أبي بكر، فكتب عثمان من عنده اسم عمر، فلما أفاق أبو بكر قال: اقرأ ما كتبت، فقرأ، فلما ذكر "عمر" كبر أبو بكر وقال: أراك خفت إن افتلتت نفسي الاختلاف، فجزاك الله عن الإسلام خيرا، والله إن كنت لها أهلا. وقال علوان بن داود البجلي، عن حميد بن عبد الرحمن، عن صالح بن كيسان، عن حميد بن عبد الرحمن بن عوف، عن أبيه. وقد رواه الليث بن سعد، عن علوان، عن صالح نفسه، قال: دخلت على أبي بكر أعوده في مرضه فسلمت عليه وسألته: كيف أصبحت؟ فقال: بحمد الله بارئا، أما إني على ما ترى وجع، وجعلتم لي شغلا مع وجعي؛ جعلت لكم عهدا بعدي، واخترت لكم خيركم في نفسي فكلكم ورم لذلك أنفه رجاء أن يكون الأمر له. ثم قال: أما إني لا آسى على شيء إلا على ثلاث فعلتهن، وثلاث لم أفعلهن، وثلاث وددت أني سألت رسول الله ﷺ عنهن: وددت أني لم أكن كشفت بيت فاطمة وتركته وإن أغلق على الخرب، وددت