Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ - Shams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi - (18/319)

Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

and he sought refuge in Allah; He warded the danger off from him, and Malikshah died. (1)

He was born a few months after his father’s death. When al-Basasiri imprisoned al-Qaʾim he was still a young child, so he was concealed, and Ibn al-Muḥallabān (2) carried him off to Harran. (3)

Fakhr al-Dawla Ibn Jahir served as his vizier in accordance with a directive left by his grandfather.

In 469 AH Atsiz—the man who had taken Damascus—marched against Egypt, besieged it, and nearly captured it. Its inhabitants implored Allah for deliverance, whereupon he broke camp without any apparent cause, advanced on Jerusalem, seized it, killed three thousand people, slaughtered the judge and the witnesses in cold blood, and acted tyrannically.

(4) Abu Yaʿla Ibn al-Qalansi relates that in Egypt he was routed by Amīr al-Juyūsh; he was driven back, one of his brothers was killed, and the other had his hand cut off, so the people rejoiced. (5)

A fierce fitna broke out between the Hanbalis and the Qushayris over matters of creed. Many were killed, the affliction became grave, the Rāfiḍites (Shiʿites) exulted in their distress, and Egyptian forces besieged Damascus twice. (6)

Ibn Jahir the vizier was dismissed because of his harshness toward the Hanbalis. (7)

In 471 AH Taj al-Dawla Tutush, Malikshah’s brother, arrived, took control of Damascus, Atsiz was killed, and the people came to love him. (8)

(1) See al-Muntazam, vol. 8, p. 292; and al-Fakhri, p. 296. (2) Al-Muntazam gives the name as Abu l-Ghanaim Muhammad b. Ali b. al-Muhallaban. (3) Al-Muntazam, vol. 8, p. 292; al-Kamil, vol. 10, p. 97. (4) A comparable report is found in al-Kamil, vol. 10, pp. 103–104, and al-Mukhtasar, vol. 2, p. 192. In al-Kamil the name Atsiz appears as “Aqis”; the author notes that this is the Syrian pronunciation, whereas the correct form is Atsiz. (5) See al-Kamil, vol. 10, pp. 103–104. (6) See al-Muntazam, vol. 8, p. 305 ff., and al-Kamil, vol. 10, pp. 104–105. (7) See al-Muntazam, vol. 8, pp. 317–319, and al-Kamil, vol. 10, pp. 109–111; the latter dates Ibn Jahir’s dismissal to the year 471 AH. (8) A similar wording occurs in al-Kamil, vol. 10, p. 111, and al-Mukhtasar, vol. 2, pp. 193–194.

وَالتَجَأَ إِلَى اللهِ، فَدَفَعَ عَنْهُ، وَهَلك مَلِكْشَاه (١) . وُلِدَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِ أَبِيْهِ بِأَشهر، وَكَانَ فِي اعتِقَالِ القَائِم نَوْبَة البسَاسيرِي صغِيراً، فَأُخفِي، وَحمله ابْنُ المحلبَان (٢) إِلَى حرَّان (٣) . وَزَرَ لَهُ فَخْرُ الدَّوْلَة ابْن جَهير بوصيَةٍ مِنْ جَدِّه. وَفِي سَنَةِ (٤٦٩) سَارَ أَتسز - الَّذِي أَخَذَ دِمَشْق - إِلَى مِصْرَ، وَحَاصرهَا، وَكَادَ أَنْ يَملكَهَا، فَتضرع أَهْلُهَا إِلَى اللهِ، فَترحَّل بِلاَ سَبَب، وَنَازل القدسَ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَهَا، وَقَتَلَ ثَلاَثَة آلاَف، وَذبحَ القَاضِي وَالشُّهُودَ صَبْراً، وَعَسَفَ. (٤) وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى بنُ القلاَنسِي: كَسره بِمِصْرَ أَمِيْرُ الجُيُوْش، فَرُدَّ وَقَدْ قُتل أَخُوْهُ، وَقُطِعت يَدُ أَخِيْهِ الأَخر، فَسُرَّ النَّاس (٥) . وَكَانَتِ الفِتْنَةُ الصّعبَةُ بَيْنَ الحَنْبَلِيَّة وَالقُشيرِية بِسَبَب الاعْتِقَاد، وَقُتِلَ بَيْنهم جَمَاعَةٌ، وَعَظُمَ البَلاَءُ، وَتَشَفَّتْ بِهِم الرَّوَافضُ (٦) ، وَحَاصَرَ دِمَشْقَ المِصْرِيّون مرَّتين. وَعُزل ابْنُ جَهِير الوَزِيْر لِشِدِّهِ مِنَ الحنَابلَة (٧) . وَفِي سَنَةِ (٤٧١) أَقْبَل تَاجُ الدَّوْلَة تُتش أَخُو مَلِكْشَاه، فَاسْتولَى عَلَى دِمَشْقَ، وَقُتِلَ أَتْسِز، وَأَحَبَّه النَّاس (٨) .

(١) انظر " المنتظم " ٨ / ٢٩٢، و" الفخري ": ٢٩٦. (٢) في " المنتظم ": أبو الغنائم محمد بن علي بن المحلبان. (٣) " المنتظم " ٨ / ٢٩٢، و" الكامل " ١٠ / ٩٧. (٤) الخبر بنحوه في " الكامل " ١٠ / ١٠٣ - ١٠٤، و" المختصر " ٢ / ١٩٢. وقد ورد اسم أتسز في " الكامل ": أقيس، وقال: هكذا يذكر الشاميون، والصحيح أنه أتسز. (٥) انظر " الكامل " ١٠ / ١٠٣ - ١٠٤. (٦) انظر " المنتظم " ٨ / ٣٠٥، وما بعدها، و" الكامل " ١٠ / ١٠٤ - ١٠٥. (٧) انظر " المنتظم " ٨ / ٣١٧ - ٣١٩، و" الكامل " ١٠ / ١٠٩ - ١١١، وفيه أن عزل ابن جهير كان في سنة إحدى وسبعين. (٨) الخبر بنحوه في " الكامل " ١٠ / ١١١، و" المختصر " ٢ / ١٩٣ - ١٩٤.