Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ - Shams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi - (18/314)

Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

In 454 AH the Caliph al-Qaʾim married his daughter to Tughril Beg, though only after repeated entreaties and much reluctance.⦗1⦘ That same year Baghdad was inundated; the water rose to twenty-one cubits.⦗2⦘

In 456 AH Sultan Alp Arslan⦗3⦘ arrested his vizier ʿAmīd al-Mulk al-Kundurī⦗4⦘ and installed Niẓām al-Mulk in his stead.⦗5⦘ At Rayy a pitched battle took place between Alp Arslan and his kinsman Kutulmish;⦗6⦘ Kutulmish was killed, whereupon the Sultan repented, held mourning rites for him, and then marched against the Byzantines.⦗7⦘

Around the same time the city of Bijāya was founded by al-Nāṣir ibn ʿAlannās;⦗8⦘ the site had previously been nothing but pastureland.

In 458 AH the Niẓāmiyyah College of Baghdad was established. Alp Arslan invested his son Malikshāh⦗9⦘ with the sultanate, naming him heir-apparent. Muslim ibn Quraysh ibn Badrān, lord of Mosul,⦗10⦘ came to the court; the Sultan granted him the districts of Hīt and Ḥarba.⦗11⦘ In that same year a great dome was erected over the grave of Abū Ḥanīfah.

⦗12⦘ In 461 AH the entire Great Mosque of Damascus burned down, together with the royal residence that

(1) See the earlier biography of Tughril Beg, no. 52. (2) Al-Muntazam, vol. 8, p. 225. (3) His biography will appear under no. 210. (4) His biography has already appeared under no. 55. (5) Al-Muntazam, vol. 8, p. 234; al-Kamil, vol. 10, p. 31. (6) His biography has already been given under no. 54. (7) Al-Kamil, vol. 10, pp. 37–38; al-Mukhtasar, vol. 2, pp. 184–185. (8) His biography will be found under no. 315, where the city of Bijaya is also mentioned. (9) His biography will be given in volume 19, no. 34. (10) His biography will appear under no. 246. (11) Hit: a town on the Euphrates, in the vicinity of Baghdad, upstream from al-Anbar. Harba: so written in the manuscript with a final long alif; Yaqut’s Mu jam records it as Harbi (shortened), and the common pronunciation shows imala. It is a small settlement at the far end of the Dujayl, between Baghdad and Tikrit, opposite al-Hadhira. (12) See al-Kamil, vol. 10, pp. 50–51; al-Mukhtasar, vol. 2, p. 185.

وَفِي سَنَةِ (٤٥٤) زوَّج القَائِم بِنْته بِطُغْرُلْبَك بَعْد اسْتَعفَاء وَكُرْهٍ (١) ، وَغَرِقت بَغْدَاد؛ وَبلغ المَاء أَحَداً وَعِشْرِيْنَ ذرَاعاً (٢) . وَفِي سَنَةِ (٤٥٦) قبض السُّلْطَان أَلب آرسلاَن (٣) عَلَى وَزِيْره عَمِيْد الْملك الكُندرِي (٤) ، وَاسْتَوْزَرَ نِظَامَ المُلْك (٥) ، وَكَانَ المَصَافُّ بِالرَّيِّ بَيْنَ أَلب آرسلاَن وَقَرَابَته قُتُلْمِش (٦) ، فَقُتل قُتُلْمِش، وَنَدِمَ السُّلْطَانُ، وَعَمِلَ عزَاءهُ، ثُمَّ سَارَ يَغْزُو الرُّوْم (٧) . وَأُنشِئْت مدينَة بِجَايَة، بنَاهَا النَّاصرُ بنُ عَلنَاس (٨) ، وَكَانَتْ مرعَىً لِلدوَاب. وَفِي سَنَةِ ثَمَانٍ أُنشِئْت نِظَامِيَّةُ بَغْدَاد، وَسلطنَ أَلب آرسلاَن ابْنه مَلِكْشَاه (٩) ، وَجَعَله وَلِيَّ عَهْدِهِ، وَسَارَ إِلَيْهِ مُسْلِمُ بنُ قُرَيْش بن بَدْرَان صَاحِب المَوْصِل (١٠) ، فَأَقطعه هِيت وَحَرْبَا (١١) ، وَبنُوا عَلَى قَبْر أَبِي حَنِيْفَةَ قُبَّة عَظِيْمَة. (١٢) وَفِي سَنَةِ (٤٦١) احْتَرَقَ جَامِعُ دِمَشْق كُلُّه وَدَارُ السّلطنَة الَّتِي

(١) انظر ترجمة طغرلبك المتقدمة برقم (٥٢) . (٢) " المنتظم " ٨ / ٢٢٥. (٣) سترد ترجمته برقم (٢١٠) . (٤) تقدمت ترجمته برقم (٥٥) . (٥) " المنتظم " ٨ / ٢٣٤، و" الكامل " ١٠ / ٣١. (٦) تقدمت ترجمته برقم (٥٤) . (٧) " الكامل " ١٠ / ٣٧، ٣٨، و" المختصر " ٢ / ١٨٤ - ١٨٥. (٨) سترد ترجمته برقم (٣١٥) وفيها ذكر مدينة بجاية. (٩) سترد ترجمته في الجزء التاسع عشر برقم (٣٤) . (١٠) سترد ترجمته برقم (٢٤٦) . (١١) هيت: بلدة على الفرات من نواحي بغداد فوق الانبار. وحربا: كذا في الأصل بالالف الممدودة، وفي " معجم " ياقوت: حربى: مقصور، والعامة تتلفظ به ممالا، بليدة في أقصى دجيل بين بغداد وتكريت مقابل الحظيرة. (١٢) انظر " الكامل " ١٠ / ٥٠ - ٥١، و" المختصر " ٢ / ١٨٥.