Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

and one of the leading luminaries of Islam, by the unanimous testimony of the people of merit; his writings were marvelously arranged and strikingly original, and he was a foremost, venerated imam. Among the calamities that befell Nishapur was his departure from it. (1)

It was also said that when he reached Isfarayin, the people there rejoiced at his arrival to an extraordinary degree. (2)

I myself possess some of his high-level isnāds, and I had once prepared a separate biographical notice for him, though I have not been able to locate it at this moment.

He died in Isfarayin in 429 AH, having reached an advanced age. (3)

He authored several works on dialectical theology and the rational sciences. (4)

As for:

378 – Abū Manṣūr al-Ayyūbī, Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan*

the theologian from Nishapur, he was a brilliant and sharp-witted imam.

ʿAbd al-Ghāfir said: “He is Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Abī Ayyūb, the ustadh Abū Manṣūr, the Proof of the Religion, master of lucid exposition, decisive argumentation, and sound reasoning. Of all those in his time who followed the Ashʿarī school, he was the most adept dialectician. He studied under Ibn Fūrak, and though poor, he was upright, content, and prolific in writing.” (5)

He passed away in Dhū al-Ḥijjah of 421 AH.

(1) See Tabyin Kadhib al-Muftari, p. 253. (2) Tabyin Kadhib al-Muftari, p. 253; he left Nishapur after a revolt there instigated by the Turkmans. (3) He was buried next to his teacher Abu Ishaq al-Isfarayini. (4) For his writings, consult Fawat al-Wafayat 2/372 and Subki, Tabaqat 5/140. Two of them have been printed: al-Farq bayna al-Firaq wa-Bayan al-Firqa al-Najiya minhum (Cairo, 1328 AH) and Usul al-Din (Istanbul, 1346 AH); see Mu jam al-Matbu at, pp. 144–145. (*) Tabyin Kadhib al-Muftari, p. 249. (5) See Tabyin Kadhib al-Muftari, p. 249.
وَصُدُور الإِسْلاَمِ بِإِجمَاعِ أَهْلِ الفَضْل، بَدِيْعَ التَّرتيب، غَرِيْبَ التَأْلِيْفِ، إِمَاماً مُقَدَّماً مُفَخّماً، وَمن خرَاب نَيْسَابُوْر خُرُوْجُه مِنْهَا (١) . وَقِيْلَ: إِنَّهُ لَمَّا حصل بِإِسْفَرَايِيْن، ابتهجُوا بِمَقْدَمَه إِلَى الغَايَة (٢) . قُلْتُ: وَقَعَ لِي مِنْ عَوَالِيْهِ، وَكُنْتُ أَفردْتُ لَهُ تَرْجَمَةً لَمْ أَظْفر السَّاعَةَ بِهَا. مَاتَ: بِإِسْفَرَايِيْن فِي سَنَةِ تِسْعٍ وَعِشْرِيْنَ وَأَرْبَعِ مائَةٍ وَقَدْ شَاخَ (٣) . وَلَهُ تَصَانِيْفُ فِي النَّظَر وَالعَقْلِيَّات (٤) . أَمَّا: ٣٧٨ - أَبُو مَنْصُوْرٍ الأَيُّوْبِيُّ مُحَمَّدُ بنُ الحَسَنِ * المُتَكَلِّمُ، النَّيْسَابُوْرِيُّ، فَهُوَ إِمَامٌ باهرٌ ذكيّ. قَالَ عَبْدُ الغَافِرِ: هُوَ مُحَمَّدُ بنُ الحَسَنِ بنِ أَبِي أَيُّوْبَ، الأُسْتَاذُ أَبُو مَنْصُوْرٍ، حجّةُ الدِّيْنِ، صَاحِبُ البيَان وَالحُجَّة وَالنَّظَرِ الصَّحِيْح، أَنْظَرُ مَنْ كَانَ فِي عصره عَلَى مَذْهَب الأَشْعَرِيّ، تَلْمَذَ لابْنِ فُوْرَك، وَكَانَ فَقيراً نَزِهاً قَانعاً، مُصَنِّفاً (٥) . تُوُفِّيَ: فِي ذِي الحِجَّةِ سَنَة إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِيْنَ وَأَرْبَعِ مائَةٍ.
(١) انظر " تبيين كذب المفتري " ٢٥٣. (٢) " تبيين كذب المفتري " ٢٥٣، وقد فارق نيسابور بسبب فتنة وقعت بها من التركمان (٣) ودفن إلى جنب شيخه أبي إسحاق الاسفراييني. (٤) انظر تصانيفه في " فوات الوفيات " ٢ / ٣٧٢، و" طبقات " السبكي ٥ / ١٤٠. وقد طبع له منها كتاب " الفرق بين الفرق وبيان الفرق الناجية منهم " في مصر عام ١٣٢٨ هـ، و" أصول الدين " في استانبول عام ١٣٤٦ هـ. انظر " معجم المطبوعات " ١٤٤، ١٤٥. (*) تبيين كذب المفتري: ٢٤٩. (٥) انظر " تبيين كذب المفتري " ٢٤٩.

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