Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

—to such an extent that a madrasa was erected for him in Naysabur, the like of which had never been seen there before, and he himself took up the post of teaching in it (1).

Among the sayings of this master is his remark: “The claim that every mujtahid (independent jurist) is correct begins in sophistry and ends in outright heresy.” (2)

Al-Faqih Abū al-Qasim related: “Whenever our teacher, the Professor, addressed this question, people would say, ‘Just now the pen has been lifted from him’—meaning Abū Isḥaq—because he would curse, grow heated, and do other such things.” (3)

Abū al-Qasim al-Qushayrī also reported that he used to deny the karamat (miraculous favors) of the saints and deemed them impossible; this is a grave lapse.

Those who died the same year, 418 AH, include: Abū ʿAlī Aḥmad ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Yazdād al-Iṣbahānī, known as Ghulām Muḥsin (4); the eminent vizier Abū al-Qasim al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī ibn al-Maghribī (5), who passed away in Mayyāfāriqīn—the Ḥākim had earlier killed his father, his uncle, and his brothers; Abū al-Qasim ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad al-Naysābūrī, al-Sarrāj, companion of al-Aṣamm; the ḥadith scholar Abū al-Ḥusayn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn Jaʿfar al-Maydānī (6), the copyist; the Shāfiʿī jurist and preacher Muḥammad ibn Zuhayr al-Nasāʾī (7)—he had heard traditions from al-Aṣamm; Abū al-Ḥasan Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Rūzbihān al-Baghdādī, transmitter from al-Sutūrī; and the shaykh of the Sufis, Muʿammar ibn

(1) al-Nawawi, Tahdhib al-Asma wa-l-Lughat, 2:169; al-Subki, Tabaqat, 4:256. (2) al-Nawawi, Tahdhib al-Asma wa-l-Lughat, 2:170; al-Safadi, al-Wafi, 6:105. (3) The Prophet ﷺ clarified who is exempt from legal accountability, saying: “The pen is lifted from three: the sleeper until he awakens, the child until he comes of age, and the mentally disturbed until he regains reason.” All others remain subject to the divine record, as affirmed by the verse: “He utters no word but that with him is an ever-present watcher” (Q 50:18). (4) His biography will appear under no. 248. (5) His biography will appear under no. 257. (6) His biography will appear under no. 322. (7) His biography will appear under no. 254.
أَنْ قَالَ: وَبُنِي لَهُ بِنَيْسَابُوْرَ المَدْرَسَةُ الَّتِي لَمْ يُبْنَ بِنَيْسَابُوْرَ مِثْلُهَا قبلَهَا، فَدَرَّسَ فِيْهَا (١) . وَمِنْ كَلاَم هَذَا الأُسْتَاذ قَالَ: القَوْلُ بِأَنَّ كُلَّ مُجْتَهِدٍ مُصِيْبٌ أَوّلُهُ سَفْسَطَةٌ وآخِرُهُ زَنْدَقَة (٢) . فَقَالَ أَبُو القَاسِمِ الفَقِيْهُ: كَانَ شَيْخُنَا الأُسْتَاذُ إِذَا تَكَلَّمَ فِي هَذِهِ المَسْأَلَة، قِيْلَ: القلمُ عَنْهُ مَرْفُوعٌ حِيْنَئِذٍ - يَعْنِي أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ - لأَنَّه كَانَ يَشْتِمُ وَيَصُوْلُ، وَيَفْعَلُ أَشْيَاء (٣) . وَحَكَى أَبوو القَاسِم القُشَيْرِيُّ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُنْكِرُ كَرَامَاتِ الأَوْلِيَاء وَلاَ يُجَوِّزُهَا، وَهَذِهِ زَلَّةٌ كَبِيْرَةٌ. وَمَاتَ مَعَهُ فِي سَنَةِ ثمَانِي عَشْرَة: أَبُو عَلِيٍّ أَحْمَدُ بنُ إِبْرَاهِيْمَ بنِ يَزْدَاد الأَصْبَهَانِيُّ غُلاَم مُحْسِن (٤) ، وَالوَزِيْرُ العَلاَّمَةُ أَبُو القَاسِمِ الحُسَيْنُ بنُ عَلِيِّ بنِ المَغْرِبِيّ (٥) بَمَيَّافَارِقِيْن - وَقَدْ قَتَلَ الحَاكِمُ أَبَاهُ وَعَمَّهُ وَإِخوَتَهُ -، وَأَبُو القَاسِمِ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّيْسَابُوْرِيُّ السَّرَّاجُ صَاحِبُ الأَصَمِّ، وَالمُحَدِّثُ أَبُو الحُسَيْنِ عَبْدُ الوَهَّابِ بنُ جَعْفَرٍ المَيْدَانِيُّ (٦) النَّاسخُ، وَالفَقِيْهُ مُحَمَّدُ بنُ زُهَيْر النَّسَائِيُّ (٧) الشَّافِعِيُّ الخَطِيْبُ - سَمِعَ الأَصَمَّ -، وَأَبُو الحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بنُ مُحَمَّدِ بنِ أَحْمَدَ الرُّوز بهَان البَغْدَادِيُّ الرَّاوِي عَنِ السُّتُوْرِي، وَشَيْخُ الصُّوْفِيَّة مُعَمَّر بنُ
(١) " تهذيب الأسماء واللغات " ٢ / ١٦٩، و" طبقات " السبكي ٤ / ٢٥٦. (٢) " تهذيب الأسماء واللغات " ٢ / ١٧٠، و" الوافي " ٦ / ١٠٥. (٣) من رفع عنه القلم بينه النبي ﷺ بقوله: " رفع القلم عن ثلاث، عن النائم حتى يستيقظ، وعن الصبي حتى يشب، وعن المعتوه حتى يعقل " وغير هؤلاء، فيشمله قوله تعالى: (ما يلفظ من قول إلا لديه رقيب عتيد) . (٤) سترد ترجمته برقم (٢٤٨) . (٥) سترد ترجمته برقم (٢٥٧) . (٦) سترد ترجمته برقم (٣٢٢) . (٧) سترد ترجمته برقم (٢٥٤) .

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