Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Hatim al-Atrabullusi said, “Abū al-Hasan al-Qābisī was an ascetic, scrupulously pious, and ever-vigilant man; in Kairouan I never met anyone who did not acknowledge his merit. Among those who studied jurisprudence under him were Abū ʿImrān al-Qābisī, Abū al-Qāsim al-Labīdī (1), ʿAtīq al-Sūsī, and others (2).

He produced a series of outstanding works, including Kitāb al-Mumahhid (The Primer) on jurisprudence, Kitāb Aḥkām al-Diyānāt (Legal Rulings on Matters of Faith), al-Munqidh min Shubah al-Taʾwīl (The Deliverer from the Doubts of Figurative Interpretation), Kitāb al-Munabbih lil-Faṭan (3) (The Awakener of the Intelligent), Kitāb Mulakhkhaṣ al-Muwaṭṭaʾ (Compendium of the Muwaṭṭaʾ), Kitāb al-Manāsik (The Rites), Kitāb al-Iʿtiqādāt (Creeds), and other titles as well (4).

He was born in 324 AH.

He died in the month of Rabiʿ al-Akhir in the city of Kairouan. Crowds kept vigil by his grave overnight, tents were pitched, and poets composed elegies for him in 403 AH.

He had received Qurʾanic recitation by direct audition in Egypt from Abū al-Fatḥ ibn Budhun, and for many years he taught the readings in Kairouan. Later he abandoned that teaching when he learned that one of his pupils had instructed the governor. He then devoted himself to lecturing on jurisprudence and hadith until he mastered both disciplines and became the imam of his age. Abū ʿAmr al-Dānī praised him even more highly than this, saying:

“We wrote down a great deal from him; he remained on the journey for five years, and he returned in the year seven …”

(1) The autograph copy reads al-Kubaydi, with a kaf, which is incorrect; we have retained the correct form. His biographical notice will follow in this volume under no. 421. (2) See Qadi Iyyad, Tartib al-madarik, 4/618. (3) Jadwat al-muqtabis cites the title as al-Munabbih li-dhawi al-fatan min ghawaʾil al-fitan, whereas Tadhkirat al-huffaz and the appendix to Kashf al-zunun give it as al-Munabbih li-l-fatan min ghawaʾil al-fitan. The manuscript has: al-Munabbih al-Fatan. (4) On his writings, consult: Tartib al-madarik 4/618–619; al-Dibaj al-mudhahhab 2/102; Shajarat al-nur 1/97; Hadiyyat al-ʿarifin 2/685.
قَالَ حَاتِمٌ الأَطْرَابُلُسِيّ: كَانَ أَبُو الحَسَنِ القَابِسِي زَاهِداً وَرِعاً يَقِظاً، لَمْ أَرَ بِالقَيْرَوَان إِلاَّ مُعْتَرِفاً بِفَضْلِهِ، تَفَقَّهَ عَلَيْهِ أَبُو عِمْرَانَ القَابِسِي، وَأَبُو القَاسِمِ الَّلبيدِي (١) ، وَعَتِيْقٌ السُّوسِي، وَغَيْرُهُم (٢) . أَلّف توَالِيف بَدِيْعَة ككتَاب (الممهّد) فِي الفِقْه، وَكِتَاب (أَحكَام الدّيَانَات) ، وَ (المُنْقِذ مِنْ شُبَه التَّأْوِيْل) ، وَكِتَاب (المنبّه للْفَطِنِ (٣)) ، وَكِتَاب (مُلَخَّص المُوَطَّأ) ، وَكِتَاب (المنَاسك) ، وَكِتَاب (الاعْتِقَادَات) ، وَغَيْر ذَلِكَ (٤) . وَكَانَ مَوْلِدُهُ فِي سَنَةِ أَرْبَعٍ وَعِشْرِيْنَ وَثَلاَثِ مائَةٍ. وَتُوُفِّيَ فِي رَبِيْعٍ الآخِرِ بِمدينَة القَيْرَوَان، وَبَات عِنْد قَبْره خلقٌ مِنَ النَّاس وضُربت الأَخبيَةُ، وَرثَتْه الشُّعَرَاءُ سَنَةَ ثَلاَثٍ وَأَرْبَع مائَة. وَقَدْ أَخَذَ القِرَاءةَ عَرضاً بِمِصْرَ عَنْ أَبِي الفَتْح بنِ بُدْهُن، وَأَقرأَ النَّاسَ بِالقَيْرَوَان دَهْراً، ثُمَّ قطع الإِقْرَاءَ لمَّا بلغه أَن بَعْضَ أَصْحَابه أَقرأَ الوَالِي، ثُمَّ أَعمل نَفَسه فِي درس الفِقْه وَالحَدِيْث حَتَّى بَرَعَ فِيْهِمَا، وَصَارَ إِمَامَ العصرِ، أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ بِأَكْثَر مِنْ هَذَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الدَّانِي، وَقَالَ: كتبنَا عَنْهُ شَيْئاً كَثِيْراً، وَبَقِيَ فِي الرّحلَة خَمْسَ سِنِيْنَ، وَردّ سَنَة سبعٍ
(١) في الأصل: الكبيدي بالكاف وهو خطأ، والصواب ما أثبتناه، وسترد ترجمته في هذا الجزء برقم (٤٢١) . (٢) انظر " ترتيب المدارك " ٤ / ٦١٨. (٣) جاء اسم الكتاب في " جذوة المقتبس ": " المنبه لذوي الفطن من غوائل الفتن "، وفي " تذكرة الحفاظ " و" ذيل كشف الظنون ": " المنبه للفطن من غوائل الفتن ". وجاء في الأصل: المنبه الفطن. (٤) انظر مصنفاته في " ترتيب المدارك " ٤ / ٦١٨، ٦١٩، و" الديباج المذهب " ٢ / ١٠٢، و" شجرة النور " ١ / ٩٧، و" هدية العارفين " ٢ / ٦٨٥.

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