among the Berbers to drive the Idrisids out of al-Andalus to the opposite shore (al-ʿuḍwa) and to appropriate for themselves whatever dominions they already held. They did exactly that: Algeciras and the districts adjoining it up to Takzuna fell to one tribe, while Málaga and Granada went to another. They remained in this condition until al-Muʿtaḍid billah ʿAbbād ibn al-Qāḍī ibn ʿAbbād grew powerful, gained mastery over al-Andalus, and expelled them altogether. This is mentioned in al-Humaydī’s History and elsewhere.

In every province a local strongman prevailed, styling himself al-Maʾmūn; others chose the title al-Muʿtaṣim, and another called himself al-Mutawakkil, so that al-Ḥasan ibn Rashīq said:

What makes me turn away from the soil of al-Andalus
is hearing there a “Muʿtaṣim” and a “Muʿtaḍid.” (1)
Kingly titles in unkingly hands—
like a cat puffing itself up to mimic the lion’s charge. (2)

86 – al-Nuqātī, Abū ʿUmar Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad *

The ḥadith scholar, ḥāfiẓ, and man of letters: Abū ʿUmar Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Sulaymān al-Nuqātī al-Sijistānī. Nuqāt is a village in Sijistān.

He related ḥadith from: ʿAbd al-Muʾmin ibn Khalaf al-Nasafī; Muḥammad ibn Khayw ibn Ḥāmid al-Tirmidhī; Abū Ḥāmid Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn al-Būshanjī; and ʿAbd