Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

He was a painstaking jurist and an exceptionally forceful, eloquent preacher. People still speak of the famous day on which he filled every ear and dazzled every mind. The story goes that al-Mustansir bi-Allah was enamored of Abū ʿAlī al-Qālī and would assign him every important task. When the Byzantine envoy arrived, the caliph ordered Abū ʿAlī—as was the custom—to mount the pulpit and deliver the sermon. But the sight of the vast crowd unnerved Abū ʿAlī: his legs would not carry him and his tongue failed him. Mundhir ibn Saʿīd noticed what had happened, sprang forward on the spot, took Abū ʿAlī’s place, and improvised a magnificent sermon that left the audience speechless. At its close he recited, as his own poetry:
This discourse has no flaw that faulty words could expose,
Yet its speaker has been belittled by this town.
Had I been a stranger among them, I would have stood out in splendor;
Because I am one of them, ill fortune has struck me down.
Were it not for the caliphate—may Allah preserve its radiance—
I would never stay in a land where not a single worthy man remains.
The listeners were delighted. The envoy made the sign of the cross and said, “This man is the champion ram of the state’s men.” (1)

Among his written works are Kitāb al-Inbāh ʿan al-Aḥkām min Kitāb Allah (The Alert to the Rulings Drawn from the Book of Allah) and Kitāb al-Ibānah ʿan Ḥaqāʾiq Uṣūl al-Diyānah (The Clarification of the Realities of the Principles of the Religion).

Ibn Bashkuwāl writes in one of his books: “Mundhir ibn Saʿīd was an eloquent, commanding preacher (2); in al-Andalus none could surpass him on the pulpit. He combined outstanding scholarship, comprehensive knowledge, unshakeable certainty in the sciences and the religion, devout piety, abundant fasting, regular night prayer, and fearless proclamation of the truth. No blame in the way of Allah ever deterred him. He prayed for rain on more than one occasion, and each time rain was sent.

He mentioned the Commander of the Faithful al-Ḥakam, saying, ‘He was a jurist, articulate, an accomplished orator…’

(1) The same report is cited in Muʿjam al-udabaʾ, vol. 19, p. 175, and in Nafh al-tib, vol. 1, pp. 372–374. (2) Al-khatib al-musqa designates an eloquent orator highly skilled in preaching; the morphological pattern mufʿal derives from the root saqaʿ, which means “to raise and modulate the voice,” and mufʿal is one of the intensive forms. See Lisan al-ʿArab, s.v. saqaʿ.
كَانَ فَقِيْهاً مُحَقِّقاً، وَخطيباً بَلِيْغاً مُفَوَّهاً، لَهُ اليَوْمُ المَشْهُوْرُ الَّذِي ملأَ فِيْهِ الآذَانَ، وَبَهَرَ العُقولَ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ المُسْتَنصرَ بِاللهِ، كَانَ مشغُوفاً بَأَبِي عليٍّ القَالِيِّ، يُؤَهِّلُهُ لِكُلِّ مُهِمٍّ، فَلَمَّا وَرَدَ رَسُوْلُ الرُّوْمِ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يقومَ خَطِيْباً عَلَى العَادَةِ الجَارِيَةِ، فَلَمَّا شَاهدَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الجمعَ العظيمَ جَبُنَ فَلَمْ تَحْمِلْهُ رِجْلاَهُ، وَلاَ سَاعَدَهُ لسَانُهُ، وَفطِنَ لَهُ مُنذرُ بنُ سَعِيْدٍ، فَوَثَبَ فِي الحَالِ، وَقَامَ مقَامَهُ، وَارتَجَلَ خطبَةً بَدِيْعَةً، فَأَبهَتَ الخَلْقَ، وَأَنشدَ فِي آخِرِهَا لِنَفْسِهِ: هَذَا المَقَالُ الَّذِي مَا عَابَهُ فَنَدُ ... لَكِنَّ صَاحِبَهُ أَزْرَى بِهِ البَلَدُ لَوْ كُنْتُ فِيهِمْ غَرِيباً كُنْتُ مُطَّرفاً ... لكِنَّنِي مِنْهُمُ فَاغتَالَنِي النَّكَدُ لَوْلاَ الخِلاَفَةُ أَبقَى اللهُ بَهَجْتَهَا ... مَا كُنْتُ أَبقَى بِأَرضٍ مَا بِهَا أَحَدُ فَاستَحْسَنُوا ذَلِكَ، وَصلَّبَ الرَّسُولُ، وَقَالَ: هَذَا كبشُ رِجَالِ الدَّوْلَةِ (١) . وَمِنْ تَصَانِيْفِهِ: كِتَابُ (الإِنْبَاهِ عَنِ الأَحْكَامِ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللهِ) ، وَكِتَابُ (الإِباَنَةِ عَنْ حَقَائِقِ أُصولِ الدِّيَانَةِ) . قَالَ ابْنُ بشكوَالٍ فِي بَعْضِ كُتُبِهِ: مُنذرُ بنُ سَعِيْدٍ خطيبٌ بَلِيْغٌ مِصْقَعٌ (٢) ، لَمْ يَكُنْ بِالأَنْدَلُسِ أَخطبَ مِنْهُ، مَعَ العِلْمِ البَارعِ، وَالمعرفَةِ الكَامِلَةِ، وَاليَقِينِ فِي العلومِ، وَالدِّينِ، وَالوَرَعِ، وَكَثْرَةِ الصِّيَامِ، وَالتَّهجُّدِ، وَالصَّدْعِ بِالْحَقِّ. كَانَ لاَ تَأَخُذُهُ فِي اللهِ لومَةُ لاَئِمٍ، وَقَدِ اسْتَسْقَى غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ، فَسُقِيَ. ذَكَرَ أَمِيْرَ المُؤْمِنِيْنَ الحَكَمَ، فَقَالَ: كَانَ فَقِيْهاً، فَصِيْحاً، خَطِيْباً، لَمْ
(١) الخبر بنحو في " معجم الأدباء " ١٩ / ١٧٥، و" نفخ الطيب ": ١ / ٣٧٢ - ٣٧٤. (٢) الخطيب المصقع: البليغ الماهر في خطبته، وهو " مفعل " من الصقع، ومعناه: رفع الصوت ومتابعته، ومفعل: من أبنية المبالغة. " لسان العرب " مادة: صقع.

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