Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

The well-known view in the school (1) is that the opening supplication is not recited, because it is a prayer prescribed to be brief: it contains no bowing, prostration, or testimony of faith. This indicates that the Lawgiver has taken brevity into account in it, and this view is more likely to be correct.

Then he seeks refuge, …

By his statement, “Then he seeks refuge,” he means that he says: “I seek refuge in Allah from Satan, the accursed.” If he wishes, he may say: “I seek refuge in Allah, the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing, from Satan, the accursed—from his incitement, his arrogance, and his spitting.” (2) Or, if he wishes, he may say: “I seek refuge in the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing, from Satan, the accursed.” (3)

Seeking refuge is for the recitation, not for the prayer itself. If it were for the prayer, it would come immediately after the opening takbir, or before it. Allah says:

“So when you recite the Quran, seek refuge with Allah from Satan, the accursed.” [al-Nahl]

Thus, Allah commands seeking refuge from Satan, the accursed, when reciting the Quran.

The benefit of seeking refuge is that Satan may be kept away from a person’s heart while he recites the Book of Allah, so that he may ponder the Quran, understand its meanings, and benefit from it. For there is a difference between reading the Quran with one’s heart present and reading it while one’s heart is distracted.

When you read it with your heart present, you attain an understanding of its meanings and benefit from the Quran that you do not attain when you read it while heedless. Try it, and you will see.

(1) Muntaha al-Iradat (1/409). (2) Narrated by Imam Ahmad (3/50); Abu Dawud, Book of Prayer, chapter on those who held that the opening supplication is Subhanaka Allahumma wa bihamdik (Glory be to You, O Allah, and praise be to You), no. 775; and al-Tirmidhi, Chapters on Prayer, chapter on what is said at the beginning of the prayer, no. 242. He said: “It is the most well-known hadith on this subject.” (3) Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudamah (2/145).
والمشهور من المذهب: (١) أنه لا يَستفتح؛ لأنها مبنيَّة على التَّخفيف، فلا ركوع فيها، ولا سجود، ولا تشهُّد؛ مما يدلُّ على أن الشارع لاحَظَ فيها التخفيفَ؛ وهذا أقربُ. ثمَّ يَسْتَعِيذُ، .......... قوله: «ثم يستعيذ»، أي: يقول: أعوذُ بالله مِن الشيطان الرجيم وإن شاء قال: «أعوذُ باللَّهِ السميعِ العليمِ من الشيطانِ الرَّجيمِ؛ من همزه ونفخِه ونفثِه» (٢) وإن شاء قال: «أعوذُ بالسميعِ العليمِ مِن الشيطانِ الرجيمِ» (٣) والاستعاذةُ للقراءة، وليست للصَّلاةِ، إذ لو كانت للصَّلاةِ لكانت تلي تكبيرةَ الإِحرامِ، أو قبل تكبيرة الإِحرامِ، وقد قال الله ﷿: ﴿فَإِذَا قَرَأْتَ الْقُرْآنَ فَاسْتَعِذْ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ *﴾ [النحل]. فأمر اللَّهُ بالاستعاذة مِن الشيطان الرجيم عند تلاوة القرآن. وفائدةُ الاستعاذة: ليكون الشيطانُ بعيداً عن قلب المرءِ، وهو يتلو كتابَ الله حتى يحصُل له بذلك تدبّرُ القرآن وتفهّمُ معانيه، والانتفاعُ به؛ لأن هناك فَرْقاً بين أن تقرأ القرآنَ وقلبُك حاضرٌ وبين أن تقرأ وقلبُك لاهٍ. إذا قرأته وقلبُك حاضرٌ حصل لك من معرفة المعاني والانتفاعِ بالقرآن ما لم يحصُلْ لك إذا قرأته وأنت غافل، وجرّبْ تجدْ.
(١) «منتهى الإرادات» (١/ ٤٠٩). (٢) أخرجه الإمام أحمد (٣/ ٥٠)؛ وأبو داود، كتاب الصلاة، باب من رأى الاستفتاح بسبحانك اللهم وبحمدك (٧٧٥)؛ والترمذي، أبواب الصلاة، باب ما يقول عند افتتاح الصلاة (٢٤٢) وقال: أشهر حديث في الباب. (٣) «المغني» لابن قدامة (٢/ ١٤٥).

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