Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

—that is, made smooth and easy to travel.

What this tremendous statement entails is complete submission to Allah Most High, inwardly and outwardly. When you say it, you are making a declaration that you utter with your tongue and believe in your heart: that Allah alone is the true object of worship, and that all besides Him is false. Then consider how this statement, which affirms Allah’s oneness in His divinity, comes after praising Him, so that affirming His sole right to worship is founded upon His perfection: “Glory be to You, O Allah, and all praise is Yours; blessed is Your Name, exalted is Your majesty.” All of this is praise of Allah for His perfection. Then he says, “There is no deity besides You.” Thus, what precedes is like the basis upon which what follows is built; that is, because of the perfection of Your attributes, none has the right to be worshipped except You, and there is no deity besides You.

This is the opening supplication. ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab used to begin with it. Muslim narrated it with a disconnected chain (1), but al-Bayhaqi recorded it with a connected chain (2). ‘Umar was one of the Rightly Guided Caliphs whom we have been commanded to follow. It has also been narrated from the Prophet ﷺ as a report traced back to him (3).

Is there another opening supplication?

The answer is yes. There are several forms—and Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah has a treatise on the various opening supplications (4)—among them is that which is established in the two Sahih collections:

(1) Narrated by Muslim, Kitab al-Salah (The Book of Prayer), chapter on the evidence of those who hold that the basmalah should not be recited aloud, no. 399 (52). (2) Al-Bayhaqi, 2:34. (3) Narrated by Imam Ahmad, 3:50; Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Salah (The Book of Prayer), chapter on those who favor beginning with “Subhanaka Allahumma wa bi-hamdik” (Glory be to You, O Allah, and praise be to You), nos. 775-776; al-Daraqutni, 1:298; al-Hakim, 1:235; al-Bayhaqi, 2:34; and al-Tirmidhi, Abwab al-Salah (Chapters on Prayer), chapter on what is said at the beginning of the prayer, no. 243. (4) Majmu Fatawa Shaykh al-Islam, 22:376-403.
مُسهَّل. فمقتضى هذه الكلمةِ العظيمةِ الاستسلامُ لله تعالى ظاهراً وباطناً، فأنت إذا قلتها تخبر خبراً تنطِقُه بلسانك، وتعتقدُه بجَنَانك بأنَّ اللَّهَ هو المعبودُ حقًّا، وما سواه فهو باطل، ثم تأمَّل كيف جاءت هذه الكلمةُ التي فيها توحيد الله بألوهيَّته بعد الثناء عليه؛ ليكون توحيده بالألوهية مبنيًّا على كماله. «سبحانك اللَّهُمَّ وبحَمْدِكَ، وتباركَ اسمُكَ، وتعالى جَدُّكَ» كُلُّ هذا ثناءٌ على الله بالكمال، ثم قال: «ولا إله غيرُكَ» فيكون هذا السَّابق كالسبب المبني عليه اللاحق، يعني: أنه لكمال صفاتِك لا معبودَ حقٌّ إلا أنت، ولا إلهَ غيرُك. هذا هو دعاء الاستفتاح، وكان عُمرُ بن الخطَّاب ﵁ يستفتحُ به، رواه مسلم بسند فيه انقطاع (١)؛ لكن وصله البيهقيُّ (٢). وعُمرُ أحدُ الخلفاء الراشدين الذين أُمرنا باتِّباعهم. وقد رُويَ عن النبيِّ ﷺ مرفوعاً (٣). هل هناك دعاءٌ آخر يُستفتح به؟ الجواب: نعم؛ فيه أنواع ـ ولشيخ الإِسلام ابن تيمية رسالة في أنواع الاستفتاحات (٤) ـ منها ما ثَبَتَ في «الصَّحيحين» من
(١) أخرجه مسلم، كتاب الصلاة، باب حجة من قال: لا يجهر بالبسملة (٣٩٩) (٥٢). (٢) البيهقي (٢/ ٣٤). (٣) أخرجه الإمام أحمد (٣/ ٥٠)؛ وأبو داود، كتاب الصلاة، باب من رأى الاستفتاح بسبحانك اللهم وبحمدك (٧٧٥، ٧٧٦)؛ والدارقطني (١/ ٢٩٨)؛ والحاكم (١/ ٢٣٥)؛ والبيهقي (٢/ ٣٤)؛ والترمذي، أبواب الصلاة، باب ما يقول عند افتتاح الصلاة (٢٤٣). (٤) «مجموع فتاوى شيخ الإسلام» (٢٢/ ٣٧٦ ـ ٤٠٣).

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