do likewise and not raise his voice, but it is better for him to raise it.
The apparent meaning of the author’s words is that this is obligatory, not merely recommended, since he said, “while anyone other than him makes himself hear.” Since it is obligatory for anyone other than the imam to make himself hear, his statement, “and the imam makes those behind him hear,” must likewise be obligatory.
The apparent meaning of the author’s words is the correct view: the imam must pronounce the takbir audibly, so that those behind him can hear it.
Firstly, because of the Prophet’s practice, peace and blessings be upon him. Had the matter not been obligatory, there would have been no need for Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, to relay the takbir to those behind the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him.
Secondly, because the followers cannot properly follow the imam unless they hear the takbir. Whatever is indispensable for fulfilling an obligation is itself obligatory. If, for example, the imam rises from prostration without raising his voice in the takbir, when are the people to rise? They would not rise until he begins al-Fatihah and recites it aloud, even though reciting al-Fatihah aloud is recommended, not required, and does not occur in every prayer or in every rak‘ah—apart from Fajr.
“Like his recitation in the first two rak‘ahs of prayers other than Zuhr and Asr,” …
His statement, “like his recitation in the first two rak‘ahs of prayers other than Zuhr and Asr,” means: just as he makes the recitation audible in the first two rak‘ahs of prayers other than Zuhr and Asr. The word “first two” is a dual form whose final nūn has been omitted because of annexation, since the tanwīn and the nūn are omitted in an annexed construction.
The two Zuhr prayers are Zuhr and Asr. They are collectively called “the two Zuhrs” by way of predominance, just as we say “the two Ishas,” “the two Umars,” and “the two moons.” Thus, he recites aloud in the first two rak‘ahs of every prayer other than Zuhr and Asr. This includes Maghrib, Isha, and Fajr; however, Fajr consists of only two rak‘ahs. It also includes Jumu‘ah,