she is mature and sane. This is why the author differentiated between the two, saying, “then he becomes legally accountable, and she becomes pure”—that is, the menstruating woman becomes pure. This is an instance of ordered pairing and explanation.

His statement, “then he becomes legally accountable,” refers back to his statement, “then he ceases to be legally accountable.” And his statement, “she becomes pure,” refers back to his statement, “or a woman menstruates.” Thus, the pairing and explanation here are ordered.

Ordered pairing and explanation means that when you mention a ruling corresponding to what has preceded, if it follows the same order as what preceded, it is ordered; if it follows a different order, it is unordered, and is termed “disordered.”

An example of the unordered type is the statement of Allah, Most High: “On the Day when some faces will turn white and some faces will turn black.” [Al Imran 3:106] He then says: “As for those whose faces turn black...” [Al Imran 3:106] Thus, He began with the ruling of the second before that of the first.

An example of the ordered type is the statement of Allah, Most High: “Among them are the wretched and the blessed.” [Hud 11:105] “As for those who are wretched, they will be in the Fire...” [Hud 11:106] Thus, He began with the ruling of the first .....

His statement, “then he becomes legally accountable and she becomes pure; they must make it up”: How could he say, “they must make it up,” when he had previously said, “If a legally accountable person remains within its time,” and said, “or a woman menstruates,” rather than saying, “the two of them must make it up”? This is because what is meant by “the legally accountable person” here is the genus, or a general expression, since it occurs after a conditional clause. It is therefore valid for the pronoun to refer collectively to two individuals. “They must make it up,” meaning: they must make up that prayer.

An example involving a menstruating woman is that a woman menstruates after the sun has set and after enough time has passed for the opening takbir. We say to her: once you become pure, you must make up the Maghrib prayer. As for the Isha prayer, she is not required to make it up, because its time came while she was menstruating.

An example of a legally accountable person who ceases to be legally accountable is a person who, after the sun has set