it is said to him: There are needy people in the farthest reaches of Malaysia, while he is in the far west of Morocco; thus, he is deemed unable to find them.
Therefore, whoever cannot find anything with which to purchase food, clothing, or a slave to set free—or who has wealth but cannot find a place to spend it, in that he cannot find a slave on the market or poor people to feed and clothe—falls under this ruling. This problem exists among us today, praise be to Allah. Very often, when we tell people, “You must feed ten needy persons,” they say, “May I give it to you so that you can feed them on my behalf?” For they cannot find poor people. Therefore, I issue the legal verdict to people that most of these workers have families and are poor. If you give them enough of this food for a lunch or dinner for one or two days, and they are ten needy Muslims, then the expiation has been fulfilled. A disbeliever is not to be given from the expiation.
The evidence that a disbeliever is not given from the expiation is analogy with zakah: a disbeliever is not given from zakah unless he is one whose heart is to be reconciled. For this reason, the scholars analogized feeding people in expiation to zakah and said that disbelievers are not eligible. The matter does, however, warrant some consideration, for it may be said that even in zakah a disbeliever may be given if he is not at war with the Muslims.
Allah Most High says: “But whoever cannot find [the means], then he must fast for three days.” Note that feeding does not correspond proportionately to fasting: feeding involves ten people, whereas fasting is three days. In the expiation for zihar, there is fasting for two months or feeding sixty needy persons, which is roughly comparable, although the fasting may amount to fifty-eight days while the feeding is for sixty needy persons. In the compensation for harm, there is fasting for three days or feeding six needy persons, which is also approximately comparable. This indicates that Allah, exalted is He, has wisdoms that remain hidden