al-Sa‘b ibn Jaththāmah (1), and the hadith of Abu Qatādah (2). We also have the hadith of Anas ibn Mālik: “Allah and His Messenger forbid you the meat of domestic donkeys” (3). The implication of “domestic” is that wild donkeys are lawful.

“...cattle, lizards, gazelles, ostriches, rabbits, and all other wild animals. All sea creatures are lawful...”

His statement, “and cattle,” means wild cattle; these too are lawful according to the default ruling.

His statement, “and lizards” (4): this is a well-known animal, and it is lawful. The evidence is the default ruling, and there are also authentic hadiths from the Prophet concerning it. However, the Prophet ﷺ did not eat it because it was not found in the land of his people (5); thus, he disliked it out of personal aversion, not because of any religious prohibition.

His statement, “and gazelles”: this is the plural of ẓaby (gazelle). It is well known and lawful, based on the default ruling and because hunting it while in the state of ihram entails an expiation; and everything for which an expiation is due is lawful.

His statement, “and the ostrich”: it is well known and lawful according to the default ruling, and because