Al-Sharḥ al-Mumtiʿ - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (14/418)

Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

His statement, “or denies some of His Books”: The Books we know by name are the Torah, the Gospel, the Psalms, the Scriptures of Abraham and Moses, and the Quran. We know these individually. Nevertheless, we believe that every messenger was given a Book, as Allah, Exalted is He, says:

“Mankind was one community; then Allah sent the prophets as bearers of glad tidings and warners, and sent down with them the Scripture in truth to judge between people concerning that over which they differed.” [al-Baqarah: 213]

And He, Exalted is He, says:

“We certainly sent Our messengers with clear proofs, and sent down with them the Scripture and the balance, so that people may uphold justice.” [al-Hadid: 25]

Yet among these are Books which we do not know. Although we know the messengers, we do not know the Books with which they were sent. What matters is that whoever denies anything of the Books, or denies some of them, is a disbeliever.

Or [denies some of] His messengers

His statement, “or [denies some of] His messengers,” means that whoever denies some of His messengers and declares them liars is a disbeliever and an apostate from Islam. For it is obligatory upon us to believe in all the messengers—peace be upon them—those of whom we have knowledge and those of whom we have no knowledge. Allah, Exalted is He, says:

“We certainly sent messengers before you. Among them are those whose accounts We have related to you, and among them are those whose accounts We have not related to you.” [Ghafir: 78]

Those whose accounts Allah has not related to us are unknown to us; nevertheless, we are obliged to believe in all of them. Allah, Exalted is He, says:

“The Messenger has believed in what was revealed to him from his Lord, and so have the believers. All of them have believed in Allah, His angels, His Books, and His messengers: ‘We make no distinction between any of His messengers.’” [al-Baqarah: 285]

That is, with regard to faith: we believe in them all.

The first of the messengers was Noah, and the last of them was Muhammad—peace and blessings be upon him. Noah was the first of them, for Allah, Exalted is He, says:

“Indeed, We have revealed to you as We revealed to Noah and the prophets after him; and We revealed to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, the tribes, and Jesus”

وقوله: «أو جحد بعض كتبه» والذي نعرف من الكتب التوراة، والإنجيل، والزبور، وصحف إبراهيم وموسى، والقرآن، هذه نعرفها بأعيانها، ولكن مع ذلك نؤمن بأن كل رسول معه كتاب، كما قال الله تعالى: ﴿كَانَ النَّاسُ أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ النَّبِيِّينَ مُبَشِّرِينَ وَمُنْذِرِينَ وَأَنْزَلَ مَعَهُمُ الْكِتَابَ بِالْحَقِّ لِيَحْكُمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فِيمَا اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ﴾ [البقرة: ٢١٣]، وقال تعالى: ﴿لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلَنَا بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَأَنْزَلْنَا مَعَهُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْمِيزَانَ لِيَقُومَ النَّاسُ بِالْقِسْطِ﴾ [الحديد: ٢٥] لكن منها ما لا نعلمه، وإن كنا نعلم الرسل لكن لا نعلم الكتب التي أرسلت معهم، فالمهم أن من أنكر شيئاً من الكتب، أو أنكر بعضها فهو كافر. أَوْ رُسُلِهِ ............ قوله: «أَوْ رُسُلِهِ» أي: جحد بعض رسله، وكذبهم فإنه يكون كافراً مرتداً عن الإسلام؛ لأن الواجب علينا أن نؤمن بجميع الرسل ـ عليهم الصلاة والسلام ـ ما علمنا منهم وما لم نعلم ﴿وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلاً مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ قَصَصْنَا عَلَيْكَ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ لَمْ نَقْصُصْ عَلَيْكَ﴾ [غافر: ٧٨]، ومن لم يقصصهم الله علينا فإننا لا نعلمهم، فالواجب علينا أن نؤمن بالجميع ﴿آمَنَ الرَّسُولُ بِمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ رَبِّهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ كُلٌّ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍ مِنْ رُسُلِهِ﴾ [البقرة: ٢٨٥] يعني من حيث الإيمان، فنؤمن بهم جميعاً. والرسل أولهم نوح وآخرهم محمد ﷺ، أولهم نوح لقوله تعالى: ﴿إِنَّا أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ كَمَا أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَى نُوحٍ وَالنَّبِيِّينَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَإِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ وَالأَسْبَاطِ وَعِيسَى