Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

Chapter: The Prescribed Punishment of Amputation for Theft

Theft is one of the major sins, for every act of disobedience for which the Lawgiver has prescribed a fixed punishment is among the major sins. The author did not address its ruling because it is already well known: it is prohibited by the Quran, the sunnah, and scholarly consensus.

As for the Quran, its evidence is clear. Among its proofs is His saying, Exalted is He: “Do not consume one another’s wealth unjustly.” [al-Baqarah 2:188] The one who steals consumes wealth unlawfully.

Another proof from the Quran is that it prescribes the fixed punishment for the thief.

As for the sunnah, the Prophet ﷺ said: “The fornicator is not a believer at the moment he fornicates, and the thief is not a believer at the moment he steals.” (1) During his Farewell Pilgrimage, while addressing the people, he ﷺ also said: “Indeed, your blood, your property, and your honor are sacred to you, as sacred as this day of yours, in this month of yours, in this land of yours.” (2)

(1) Narrated by al-Bukhari in al-Mazalim, chapter: “Plundering without its owner’s permission” (2475), and by Muslim in al-Iman, chapter: “Clarification that sins diminish faith” (57), on the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him. (2) Narrated by al-Bukhari in al-Ilm, chapter: “The Prophet’s statement: ‘Perhaps the one to whom it is conveyed may understand it better than the one who heard it’” (67), and by Muslim in al-Qasamah, chapter: “The emphatic prohibition of shedding blood” (1679), on the authority of Abu Bakrah, may Allah be pleased with him.
بَابُ القَطْعِ فِي السَّرِقَةِ السرقة كبيرة من كبائر الذنوب؛ لأن كل معصية أوجب الشارع فيها حدّاً فهي كبيرة من كبائر الذنوب، والمؤلف لم يتعرض لحكمها للعلم به، وهي محرمة بالكتاب، والسنة والإجماع. أما الكتاب فظاهر، ومن أدلته قوله تعالى: ﴿وَلَا تَأْكُلُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ بِالْبَاطِلِ﴾ [البقرة: ١٨٨]، والذي يسرق آكل للمال بالباطل. ومن أدلة الكتاب ـ أيضاً ـ إيجاب الحد على السارق. أما السنة: فقال النبي ﷺ: «لا يزني الزاني حين يزني وهو مؤمن، ولا يسرق السارق حين يسرق وهو مؤمن» (١)، وقال ﷺ في حجة الوداع وهو يخطب الناس: «إن دماءكم، وأموالكم، وأعراضكم حرام عليكم كحرمة يومكم هذا، في شهركم هذا، في بلدكم هذا» (٢).
(١) أخرجه البخاري في المظالم باب النُّهْبَى بغير إذن صاحبه (٢٤٧٥)، ومسلم في الإيمان باب بيان نقصان الإيمان بالمعاصي … (٥٧) عن أبي هريرة ﵁. (٢) أخرجه البخاري في العلم باب قول النبي ﷺ: «رُبَّ مبلغ أوعى من سامع» (٦٧)، ومسلم في القسامة باب تغليظ تحريم الدماء (١٦٧٩) عن أبي بكرة ﵁.

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