Al-Sharḥ al-Mumtiʿ - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (14/155)

Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

received the blood-money—for example, if someone assaulted him, causing the hair of his head to fall out, and gave him the blood-money, one hundred camels, then the hair grew back afterward—the injured party must return the blood-money to the offender.

But if he dies before it grows back, the blood-money becomes firmly due. If the injured party demands the blood-money and the offender says, “Wait; perhaps the hair will grow back,” the matter is referred to specialists. He is then granted a period in which it is known that, if the hair does not grow during it, it will not grow back.

In summary, there are three cases:

First: if the hair grows back, even after some time, the resulting liability is waived. If the injured party has received the blood-money, he must return it.

Second: if he dies before it grows back, the obligation of the blood-money becomes established.

Third: if the offender requests a delay, the matter is referred to specialists. If they say that, with such an injury, the hair can never grow back, then the liability becomes established. But if they say that it may grow back within six months, he is granted six months, according to what the specialists determine.

If he knocks out his tooth and the offender says, “Let us wait; perhaps it will grow back,” we say: if it is a milk tooth, it will grow back, and one must wait. But if it is otherwise, one does not wait, because the basic presumption is that it will not grow back.

If a one-eyed person intentionally removes the eye of a sighted person corresponding to his own sound eye, he owes a full blood-money, and there is no retaliation. If he cuts off the hand of one whose hand is already severed, half the blood-money is due, just as in the case of anyone else.

His statement, “For the eye of a one-eyed person, a full blood-money is due”: Why is a full blood-money due when it is only one eye? They said: because of the loss of its function. A one-eyed person sees with his single eye as he would with two, even though his vision is limited; for one who sees with both eyes sees in every direction, whereas one who sees with only one eye sees from one side.

سلَّم الدية، مثل أن يجني عليه حتى ذهب شعر رأسه، وأعطاه الدية، مائة بعير، ثم بعد ذلك نبت، فإن المجني عليه يردّ الدية على الجاني. فإن مات قبل أن يرجع ثبتت الدية، فإن طالب المجني عليه بالدية، وقال الجاني: انتظر ربما يرجع الشعر، يُرجع إلى أهل الخبرة، فيمهل مدةً يُعلم أن الشعر إن لم يُنبت فيها فليس بنابت. والحاصل أنَّ عندنا حالات: أولاً: إذا نبت الشعر ولو بعد مدة يسقط موجَبه، فإن كان المجني عليه قد قبض الدية فإنه يردها. ثانياً: إذا مات قبل أن ينبت، استقر وجوب الدية. ثالثاً: إذا طالب الجاني بالإمهال، فإنه يرجع إلى أهل الخبرة، فإن قالوا: إن هذه الجناية لا يمكن أن يرجع معها الشعر أبداً ثبت الموجَب، وإن قالوا: يمكن في خلال ستة أشهر، أُنْظِرَ ستة أشهر، حسب ما يقرِّره أهل الخبرة. فإن قلع سنه، وقال الجاني: ننتظر ربما يعود، نقول: إن كان سن اللبن، فإنه يعود، وينتظر، وإن كان غيره فإنه لا ينتظر؛ لأن الأصل عدم نباته. وَإِنْ قَلَعَ الأَْعْوَرُ عَيْنَ الصَّحِيحِ المُمَاثِلَةَ لِعَيْنِهِ الصَّحِيحَةِ عَمْداً فَعَلَيْهِ دِيَةٌ كَامِلَةٌ وَلَا قِصَاصَ. وَفِي قَطْعِ يَدِ الأَْقْطَعِ نِصْفُ الدِّيَةِ كَغَيْرِهِ. قوله: «وفي عين الأعور الدية كاملة» لماذا جعل دية كاملة وهي عين واحدة؛ قالوا: من أجل إذهاب المنفعة؛ لأن الأعور ينظر بالواحدة نَظَره بالثنتين، وإن كان نظره قاصراً؛ لأن الذي ينظر بالثنتين ينظر من كل الجوانب، والذي ينظر بعين واحدة ينظر من جانب واحد.