Al-Sharḥ al-Mumtiʿ - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (14/153)

Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

For each of the four kinds of hair, a full blood-money is due: the hair of the head, the beard, the two eyebrows, and the eyelashes. If it grows back, the liability is waived. For the eye of a one-eyed person, a full blood-money is due, ………

His statement, “For each of the four kinds of hair, a full blood-money is due: the hair of the head, the beard, the two eyebrows, and the eyelashes”: as for “the hair of the head,” if a person assaults someone in such a way that the hair of his head is lost and no longer grows back, then a full blood-money is due. This is because head hair is undoubtedly both an adornment and a protection, and its loss is regarded by people as a defect and something unbecoming. Thus, it entails three considerations: adornment, protection, and the fact that its loss is regarded by people as a defect and something unbecoming. Hence, in the story of the three who were tested, one of them was bald, and people found him repulsive (1).

His statement, “and the beard”: if he assaults him so that his beard no longer grows, then a full blood-money is due. This applies even if the victim was someone accustomed to shaving his beard, for the apparent meaning of the author’s words is that he is entitled to the full blood-money. That is because he has destroyed something of which a person possesses only one; moreover, it is an adornment, for a man’s handsomeness through his beard is evident.

His statement, “and the two eyebrows”: these are the two prominent bones above the eyes. A full blood-money is due for their hair, and for one eyebrow, half of the blood-money is due. The eyebrows are among Allah’s blessings upon a person, for they protect the eye from anything harmful descending upon it from the direction of the forehead, whether sweat or something else. They also shade it from the rays of the sun, and they have benefits beyond these.

(1) Narrated by al-Bukhari in Ahadith al-Anbiya (Accounts of the Prophets), chapter: “The Hadith of the Leper, the Bald Man, and the Blind Man among the Children of Israel” (3464); and by Muslim in al-Zuhd (Asceticism), chapter: “This World Is a Prison for the Believer and a Paradise for the Disbeliever” (2964), on the authority of Abu Hurayrah.

وَفِي كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الشُّعُورِ الأَرْبَعَةِ الدِّيَةُ، وَهِيَ شَعْرُ الرَّأْسِ، وَاللِّحْيَةِ، وَالْحَاجِبَيْنِ، وَأَهْدَابِ الْعَيْنَيْنِ فَإِنْ عَادَ فَنَبَتَ سَقَطَ مُوجَبُهُ، وَفِي عَيْنِ الأَْعْوَرِ الدِّيَةُ كَامِلَةً، ........ قوله: «وفي كل واحد من الشعور الأربعة الدية، وهي شعر الرأس، واللحية، والحاجبين، وأهداب العينين» فقوله: «شعر الرأس» أي: إذا جنى على شخص جناية حتى أذهب شعر رأسه وصار لا ينبت فإن فيه الدية كاملة؛ لأن شعر الرأس لا شك أنه جمال ووقاية، وفي فقده عيب وقذر عند الناس، ففيه ثلاثة أمور: الجمال، والوقاية، وأن فقده عيب وقذر عند الناس، ولهذا في قصة الثلاثة الذين ابتلوا، كان أحدهم أقرع يقذره الناس (١). وقوله: «واللحية» فإذا جنى عليه جناية حتى صارت لحيته لا تنبت فعليه دية كاملة، حتى لو كان هذا المجني عليه ممن اعتاد حلق لحيته، فظاهر كلام المؤلف أنَّ له الدية؛ وذلك لأنه أذهب شيئاً ليس في الإنسان منه إلا واحد، وأيضاً فيها جمال، فإن جمال الرجل باللحية أمر ظاهر. وقوله: «والحاجبين» وهما العظمان الناتئان فوق العينين، وفي شعرهما الدية كاملة، وفي الواحد نصف الدية، والحاجبان من نعم الله على الإنسان؛ لأنهما يحميان العين من نزول ما يضرها من ناحية الجبهة من عرق أو غيره، وأيضاً يظللانها من أشعة الشمس، ولهما فوائد أكثر من هذا.

(١) أخرجه البخاري في أحاديث الأنبياء باب حديث أبرص وأقرع وأعمى في بني إسرائيل (٣٤٦٤)، ومسلم في الزهد باب الدنيا سجن للمؤمن وجنة للكافر (٢٩٦٤) عن أبي هريرة ﵁.