Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

hair, then it grows back, his blood-money is waived. So should we say that this is like hair: since he restored it through an operation, he is entitled to nothing?

The answer is: if he restored the very same nose and it remains in place, then its blood-money is undoubtedly waived. But if he restored a different nose, this requires consideration and reflection.

His statement, “such as the nose”: if the nose belonged to a person with anosmia—that is, one who cannot smell—or was paralyzed, the full blood-money is still due.

His statement, “and the tongue”: the blood-money for a life is likewise due for it. If it belongs to a woman, then the blood-money for a woman is due; and if it belongs to a man, then the blood-money for a man is due. This is despite the fact that cutting off his tongue deprives him of two functions: speech and taste. Yet functions are not taken into account when what is destroyed is a limb, just as killing a person destroys numerous functions.

His statement, “and the penis,” means that the blood-money for a life is due for it, because a person has only one of it.

The evidence is the Prophet’s statement in the hadith: “For the penis there is blood-money; for the nose, if it is completely severed, there is blood-money; and for the tongue there is blood-money.” (1)

Whatever a person has two of—such as the two eyes, two ears, two lips, two jawbones, a woman’s two breasts, a man’s two nipples, two hands, two feet, two buttocks, two testicles, and a woman’s two labia—carries the full blood-money if both are destroyed, and half of it for either one of them, …

His statement, “Whatever a person has two of, such as the two eyes, two ears, two lips, and two jawbones”: the full blood-money is due for both, and half of it for either one. Thus, for anything of which a person has two, if both are destroyed, the full blood-money is due; and for one of them, half the blood-money is due.

(1) Narrated by al-Nasai in al-Qasamah, chapter: the blood-money for fingers, 8:58, on the authority of Amr ibn Hazm, from his father, from his grandfather; and by al-Darimi (2366). See also al-Irwa (2267). Ahmad also narrated it, with a different wording, from the hadith of Amr ibn Shuayb, from his father, from his grandfather (4:217, 224), as did Abu Dawud in al-Diyat, chapter: the blood-money for bodily organs (4564). See al-Talkhis, 4:27, 29; and Nasb al-Rayah, 2:141.
شعراً ثم نبت فإنه تسقط ديته، فهل نقول: إن هذا مثل الشعر لما أعاده بعملية فلا شيء له؟ الجواب: إن أعاد نفس الأنف وبقي فهذا ديته تسقط بلا شك، وأما إذا أعاد أنفاً غيره فهذا محل نظر وتأمل. وقوله: «كالأنف» لو كان الأنف من إنسان أخشم، أي: لا يشم، أو أشل ففيه دية. وقوله: «واللسان» أيضاً فيه دية النفس، إن كان من امرأة ففيه دية امرأة، وإن كان من رجل ففيه دية رجل، مع أنه إذا قطع لسانه سوف يفوِّت عليه منفعتين: منفعة الكلام، ومنفعة الذوق، ولكن لا عبرة بالمنافع إذا كان المتلف عضواً، كما أن الإنسان لو أتلف رَجُلاً سيتلف منافع متعددة. وقوله: «والذكر» أي: فيه دية النفس؛ لأنه ليس في الإنسان منه إلاّ شيء واحد. والدليل قوله ﷺ في حديث: «وفي الذَّكَر الدية، وفي الأنف إذا أُوْعب جَدْعُه الدية، وفي اللسان الدية» (١). وَمَا فِيهِ مِنْهُ شَيْئَانِ، كَالْعَيْنَيْنِ، وَالأُْذُنَيْنِ، وَالشَّفَتَيْنِ، وَاللَّحْيَيْنِ، وَثَدْيَيِ الْمَرْأَةِ، وَثَنْدُؤَتَيِ الرَّجُلِ، وَاليَدَيْنِ، وَالرِّجْلَيْنِ، وَالأَلْيَتَيْنِ، وَالأُْنْثَيَيْنِ، وَإِسْكَتَيِ المَرْأَةِ فَفِيهِمَا الدِّيَةُ، وَفِي أَحَدِهِمَا نِصْفُهَا، … قوله: «وما فيه منه شيئان، كالعينين، والأذنين، والشفتين، واللحيين» ففيهما الدية، وفي أحدهما نصفها، فما فيه منه شيئان وأتلفا جميعاً ففيهما الدية، وفي أحدهما نصف الدية.
(١) أخرجه النسائي في القسامة باب عقل الأصابع ٨/ ٥٨ عن عمرو بن حزم عن أبيه عن جده، والدارمي (٢٣٦٦)، وانظر: الإرواء (٢٢٦٧). وأخرجه أحمد من حديث عمرو بن شعيب عن أبيه عن جده بلفظ آخر (٤/ ٢١٧، ٢٢٤)، وكذا أبو داود في الديات/ باب دية الأعضاء (٤٥٦٤) وانظر: التلخيص (٤/ ٢٧، ٢٩)، ونصب الراية (٢/ ١٤١).

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