Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

Hudhayfah: “Nurse him, and he will become unmarriageable to you,” (1) without saying, “five feedings.” They also cite the report in al-Sahih concerning the man to whom a woman came and informed him that she had nursed him and his wife; the Prophet ﷺ then instructed him to separate from her. He said, “How can I, when it has been said?” (2) The Messenger ﷺ did not ask—or seek further clarification—as to how many times she had nursed him. This indicates that a specified number is not a condition.

The response to these texts is that they are unrestricted, whereas they are qualified by the explicit wording of Aishah’s hadith and by the implied meaning of the hadith: “One suckling, or two sucklings, do not establish prohibition.” (3)

Some scholars said that three feedings establish prohibition. They cited the Prophet’s ﷺ statement: “One suckling, or two sucklings, do not establish prohibition,” and his statement ﷺ: “One mouthful, or two mouthfuls, do not establish prohibition.” (4) They said: the explicit wording of the hadith establishes that two have no effect, while the numerical implication is that anything beyond two establishes prohibition. Furthermore, we see that the Lawgiver has given consideration to the number three in many matters, such as divorce, performing ablution three times, fasting three days of every month, seeking permission to enter, and other matters; unlike five, which has no basis.

However, the answer to this is that the indication that three are effective is based on implication, whereas the indication that nothing less than five is effective is based on explicit wording, and the indication

(1) Muslim narrated it in Kitab al-Rada (Breastfeeding), chapter: Breastfeeding of an Adult, no. 1453. (2) Its source has previously been cited on p. 303. (3) Muslim narrated it in Kitab al-Nikah (Marriage), chapter: Regarding One or Two Sucklings, no. 1450, from Aishah. (4) Muslim narrated it in Kitab al-Nikah (Marriage), chapter: Regarding One or Two Sucklings, no. 1451, from Umm al-Fadl.
حذيفة: أرضعيه تحرمي عليه (١)، ولم يقل: خمس رضعات، وبما في الصحيح في قصة الرجل الذي جاءته امرأة فأخبرت أنها أرضعته وزوجتَه، فأمر النبي ﷺ بفراقها، فقال: كيف وقد قيل (٢)؟! ولم يسأل الرسول ﷺ أو يستفصل كم أرضعته، فهذا يدل على أنه لا يشترط العدد، والجواب عن هذه النصوص أنها مطلقة قيدها منطوق حديث عائشة، ومفهوم حديث: «لا تحرم المصَّة ولا المصَّتان» (٣). وقال بعض العلماء: المحرم ثلاث رضعات، واستدلوا بقول النبي ﷺ: «لا تحرم المصَّة ولا المصَّتان»، وقوله ﷺ: «لا تحرم الإملاجة ولا الإملاجتان» (٤)، قالوا: فمنطوق الحديث أن الثِّنْتَيْنِ لا تؤثر، ومفهوم العدد أن ما زاد عليهما محرِّم، ونحن نرى أن الشارع اعتبر العدد الثلاث في مواضع كثيرة مثل الطلاق، والوضوء ثلاث، وصيام ثلاث من كل شهر، والاستئذان، وغيره، بخلاف الخمس فليس لها أصل. ولكن الجواب عن هذا أن يقال: دلالة تأثير الثلاث بالمفهوم، ودلالة أن لا يؤثر إلا الخمس بالمنطوق، ودلالة
(١) أخرجه مسلم في الرضاع/ باب رضاعة الكبير (١٤٥٣). (٢) سبق تخريجه ص (٣٠٣). (٣) أخرجه مسلم في النكاح/ باب في المصة والمصتان (١٤٥٠) عن عائشة ﵂. (٤) أخرجه مسلم في النكاح/ باب في المصة والمصتان (١٤٥١) عن أم الفضل ﵂.

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