Al-Sharḥ al-Mumtiʿ - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (13/389)

Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

whereas if we rule that the child belongs to the second husband, she completes the waiting period from the first, because nothing has occurred to invalidate the portion of her waiting period that has already elapsed. Thus, if she had menstruated twice after being irrevocably separated from the first husband, then married the second and became pregnant by him, and gave birth more than four years after the first husband had separated from her, the child belongs to the second husband and her waiting period from him ends with the delivery. Must she begin a new waiting period for the first husband, or complete her waiting period from him? She completes it, because nothing has occurred to invalidate the portion of her waiting period that has already elapsed. Two menstrual cycles had already passed, so she completes it.

His statement, “Whoever has intercourse by mistake with his irrevocably divorced wife while she is observing her waiting period”: a woman becomes irrevocably separated by every annulment; thus, all annulments entail irrevocable separation, as does every divorce in exchange for compensation and every divorce that completes the prescribed number of divorces.

Accordingly, a woman observing an irrevocable waiting period is any woman observing it following an annulment, a divorce in exchange for compensation, or a divorce that completes the number of divorces. Thus, a man has issued the final one of three divorces to his wife. One day he comes and finds her on his bed, mistakes her for his other wife, and has intercourse with her. This intercourse is termed intercourse by mistake. What does she do?

The author says: “She begins a new waiting period because of his intercourse, and the remainder of the first is included within it.” Thus, if two menstrual cycles had passed and he had intercourse with her before the third, we say: she begins a new waiting period, and the remaining menstrual cycle is included among the three. Accordingly, she observes three menstrual cycles and then her waiting period ends. We do not say that she completes the third cycle for the first husband and then observes three further cycles. The difference between this case and one in which another man has intercourse with her is that the two waiting periods here are for one man, so one is included within the other. This differs from when the two waiting periods are for two men, in which case one is not included within the other.

وإن حكمنا بأن الولد للثاني فإنها تكمل عدة الأول؛ لأنه لم يوجد ما يبطل ما سبق من عدته، فإذا قدر أنها قد حاضت مرتين بعد إبانة الأول، ثم تزوجها الثاني ونشأت منه بحمل، ووضعت لأكثر من أربع سنين منذ أبانها الأول، فالولد للثاني، وانتهت عدتها منه بوضع الحمل، فهل تستأنف العدة للأول أو تكمل عدته؟ تكمل عدته؛ لأنه لم يوجد ما يبطل ما سبق من عدته، وقد سبق من عدته حيضتان فتكمل. قوله: «ومن وطئ معتدته البائن بشبهة» المرأة تبين بكل فسخ، فجميع الفسوخ بينونة، وبكل طلاق على عوض، وبكل طلاق تم به عدد الطلاق. إذاً المعتدة البائن هي كل من اعتدت بفسخ، أو بطلاق على عوض، أو بطلاق متمم للعدد، فهذا رجل قد طلق زوجته آخر ثلاث تطليقات، فجاء يوماً، ووجدها على فراشه فظنها زوجته الأخرى وجامعها، هذا الوطء نسميه وطئاً بشبهة، فماذا تصنع؟ يقول المؤلف: «استأنفت العدة بوطئه ودخلت فيها بقية الأولى» فإذا كان قد مضى حيضتان، وجامعها قبل الحيضة الثالثة، نقول: تستأنف العدة، وتدخل الحيضة الباقية في الثلاث، وعلى هذا تعتد بثلاث حيض وتنتهي، ولا نقول: تكمل الثالثة للأول ثم تعتد بثلاث، والفرق بينها وبين ما إذا جامعها رجل آخر أن العدتين هنا لواحد، فدخلت إحداهما في الأخرى، بخلاف ما إذا كانت العدتان لاثنين، فلا تدخل إحداهما في الأخرى.